Sanskrit

Question 1

Puruka

Answer 1

Inhalation

Question 2

antara kumbhaka

Answer 2

retention of breath after inhalation

Question 3

recaka

Answer 3

exhalation

Question 4

bahya kumbaka

Answer 4

retention (extension) after exhalation

Question 5

Sthira

Answer 5

Steadiness

Question 6

Sukham

Answer 6

Ease

Question 7

Asana

Answer 7

To take one seat

Question 8

Annamaya kosha

Answer 8

Physical body / food sheath

Question 9

Pranamaya kosha

Answer 9

Energy body / sheath

Question 10

Arambha Avastha

Answer 10

First of four stages of Hatha Yoga. Beginning stage. Gross exploration of asanas involving the anamaya kosha.

Question 11

Ghata Avastha

Answer 11

Hatha stages 2/4: Vessel stage. Deeper exploration of asana, pranayama, sound/mantra and the subtle interactions between the body and mind - refinement of the vessel that contains the body-mind. Linked to pranamaya kosha

Question 12

Parichaya Avastha

Answer 12

Hatha yoga stage 3/4:increase stage. Making intimate acquaintance with the mind bringing refined awareness to every cell of the body and explore the embodiment of consciousness. Associated with manomaya kosha and then the vijnamaya kosha.

Question 13

Nispattia Avastha

Answer 13

Stage 4/4 of bath yoga:consumption stage. With unified body, breath and mind every experience is a moving meditation. The distinction between body and consciousness disappears and one comes to a state of bliss. Associated with the anandamaya kosha.

Question 14

Maya

Answer 14

Veil of illusion

Question 15

Parinamavada

Answer 15

The understanding that constant change is an inherent part in the cause and effect nature of life.

Question 16

Vinyasa krama

Answer 16

Vinyasa - to place in a special way.
Krama - proceeding step by step according to a regular order.

The informed and sequential arrangement and pacing of asanas, pranayamas, and other yoga techniques to accommodate different intentions and abilities.

Acknowledge where you or your students are and progress from there as opposed to jumping ahead at the expense of stability and ease.

Question 17

Purusha

Answer 17

Universal consciousness

Question 18

Prakriti

Answer 18

Nature including the three gunas: Sattva, Rajas and Tamas

Question 19

Pratikriyasana

Answer 19

‘Against’ ‘action’

Counterpose- which can be preparatory or supplementary and works to neutralise tension through prevention or subsequent release.

Sequences of asanas should be similar, not opposite, whilst being attentive to releasing accumulated tension.

Rather than working asana by asana, take a broader view of the class as a progression of smaller sequences and consider where neutralising and opposing asanas will help to integrate the whole practice.

Question 20

Anjali mudra

Answer 20

Palms together at chest in prayer position