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PCOG Lec > Saponins > Flashcards

Saponins Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Sci name - yam

A

Dioscorea alata, Dioscorea floribunda, Dioscorea spiculiflora

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2
Q

Family - yam

A

Dioscoreaceae

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3
Q

Constituents - yam

A

Botogenin, diosgenin (steroidal saponins)

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4
Q

Use - yam’s constituent

A

Diosgenin - corticosteroid production (sex hormones)

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5
Q

Variety of yam, best steroid source

A

D. floribunda

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6
Q

Sci name - sarsaparilla

A

Smilax aristolochiaefolia (Mexican), Smilax regellii (Honduras)

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7
Q

Family - sarsaparilla

A

Liliaceae

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8
Q

Cons - sarsaparilla

A

Smilagenin, sarsasapogenin, parillin (steroidal saponins)

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9
Q

Use - sarsaparilla (5)

A

Syphilis, rheumatism, skin diseases, psoriasis, eczema

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10
Q

sci name - ginseng

A

Panax ginseng (Asian), Panax quinquefolius (American)

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11
Q

Family - ginseng

A

Araliaceas

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12
Q

Cons - ginseng

A

Ginsenoside, panaxoside, chikusetsusaponins (steroidal)

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13
Q

Use - ginseng

A

Aphrodisiac, adaptogen, tx of anemia, diabetes, gastritis, sexual impotence

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14
Q

“Ginseng of europe” - name, sci name, part

A

Chamomile, Matricaria chamomila, leaflets

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15
Q

sci name - sisal

A

Agave sisalana

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16
Q

cons - sisal

A

Hecogenin (0.01%)

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17
Q

Use - sisal

A

Practical starting material for corticosteroid synthesis

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18
Q

___ and ___ from ___ are also used for hormone synthesis

A

Stigmasterol, sitosterol, soy

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19
Q

Sci name - butcher’s broom

A

Ruscus aculeatus

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20
Q

Cons - butcher’s broom

A

Ruscogenin

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21
Q

Use - butcher’s broom

A

Anti-inflamm, vasoconstrictor

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22
Q

Sci name - Black cohosh

A

Actea racemosa

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23
Q

Cons - black cohosh

A

actein

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24
Q

Use - black cohosh

A

Menopause, rheumatic conditions

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25
Sci name - fenugreek
Trigonella foenum-graecum
26
Part - fenugreek
Oily embryo of seeds
27
Cons - fenugreek
Diosgenin
28
Yam has the same constituent as ?
Fenugreek (diosgenin)
29
Use - fenugreek
Hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic
30
sci name - liquorice
Glycyrrhiza glabra
31
part - liquorice
dried roots / stolons
32
Russian variety of liquorice
var glandulifera
33
Persian variety of liquorice
var B-violacea
34
Cons - liquorice
Glycyrrhizin
35
Aglycone - liquorice
Glycyrrhetinic acid
36
Cons 50x as sweet as sugar
Glycyrrhyzin
37
Use - liquorice (glycyrrhyzin)
Expectorant, flavorant, masks taste of bitter drugs (paralyzes taste buds), increases beer foaminess
38
Use - liquorice (glycyrrhetinic acid)
anti-inflammatory, PUD, Addison’s disease
39
Liquorice is contraindicated to patients with ___ because it retains ___ / __ and reduces ___
hypertension, fluid/Na+, K+
40
part - quillaja
dried inner bark
41
sci name - quillaja
Quillaja saponaria
42
family - quillaja
Rosaceae
43
Cons - quillaja
Quillaja saponin
44
Use - quillaja
Detergent, emulsifier
45
Synonyms - gugo
Box bean, St. Thomas Bean
46
Sci name - gugo
Entada phaseoloides
47
Sci name - senega
Polygala senega
48
Use - senega
Stimulant expectorant in chronic bronchitis
49
Sci name - cowslip
Primula veris
50
Cons - cowslip
Primulaverin
51
Gotu Kola aka?
Tiger grass
52
Tiger grass aka?
Gotu kola
53
Sci name - Tiger grass
Centella asiatica
54
Cons - gotu kola
asiaticoside, centelloside
55
Use - tiger grass
Diuretic, antirheumatic, vasodilator, tonic for skin diseases and leprosy (India)
56
Sci name - ivy
Hedera helix
57
Cons - ivy
Hederin
58
Use - ivy
Bronchial conditions, gout, rheumatic pains
59
Bitter gourd aka?
Karela
60
Sci name - karela
Momordica charantia
61
Cons- karela
Momordicosides
62
Use - karela
Hypoglemic (insulin-like peptide)
63
Sci name - horse chestnut
Aesculus hippocastanum
64
Cons - horse chestnut
Aescin
65
Use - horse chestnut
Hemorrhoids, varicose veins, leg ulcer, bruisers
66
CI with warfarin
Horse chestnut
67
Horse chestnut is contraindicated with?
Warfarin

PCOG Lec (6 decks)

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