SAS 2 - CARBOHYDRATES Flashcards by Vina Caroline Romero Darunday

IDEALLY HUMANS SHOULD CONSUME _________ OF CARBOHYDRATE BY MASS

TWO-THIRDS

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WHY IS CARBOHYDRATES CALLED CARBOHYDRATE?

DUE TO SAME RATIO OF H AND O IN WATER

CARBO + HYDRATES
(CH20) - MONOSACCHARIDE FORUMLA

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D5NSS

DEXTROSE 5% WITH NORMAL SALINE SOLUTION

YELLOW

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D5LR

5% DEXTROSE WITH LACTATED RINGER

PINK

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D5NM

5% DEXTROSE WITH NORMOSOL M SOLUTION

ORANGE

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D5IMB

VIOLET

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PLAIN LR

DARK BLUE

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D5 .3 NaCl

LIGHT BLUE

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D5W

RED

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PLAIN NSS

GREEN

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MANNITOL

GRAY

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A KETOHEXOSE THAT IS PRESENT IN CARBON 2

FRUCTOSE

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FRUCTOSE ALSO KNOWN AS

HONEY, FRUIT SUGAR, SWEET FRUITS

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FRUCTOSE IS CONSIDERED ___________ SUGAR

REDUCING SUGAR

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GALACTOSE IS THE EPIMER OF

GLUCOSE

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AT WHAT #CARBON IS GALACTOSE AND GLUCOSE EPIMER?

4TH CARBON

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OBTAINED FROM BOILING CORN COBS
USED AS A DIAGNOSTIC AID IN INTESTINAL MALABSORPTION
A _____ IN URINE CONFIRMS INTESTINAL MALABSORPTION

XYLOSE

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LACTOSE IS COMPOSED OF

1 GLUCOSE, 1 GALACTOSE

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SUCROSE IS COMPOSED OF

1 GLUCOSE, 1 FRUCTOSE

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LACTULOSE IS COMPOSED OF

1 GALACTOSE, 1 FRUCTOSE

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OBTAINED FROM SUGAR CANE, SUGAR BEET, SUGAR MAPLE

SUCROSE

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PRODUCED DURING GERMINATION OF BARLEY

MALTOSE (MALT)

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FROM COW’S MILK

LACTOSE

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WHAT ARE THE PROCESS TO TURN MILK TO CHEESE?

MILK LEFT TO STAND (CREAM) > CHURNED (BUTTER) > ISOLATION OF LIQUID(SKIMMED MILK) > ADDED WIH RENNIN (CHEESE)

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- CONVERTED TO LACTIC AND ACETIC ACID - USED AS A LAXATIVE FOR CHRONIC CONSTIPATION

LACTULOSE

WHAT ARE THE 3 PRODUCTS FROM THE OXIDATION OF CARBOHYDRATE?

CHERRY JUICE ALCOHOL PLANT ACIDS

- BY-PRODUCT OF WINE INDUSTRY - USED AS SUBSTITUTE OF CITRIC ACID IN BUFFER SYSTEM OF EFFERVESCENT FORMULATIONS

TARTARIC ACID

USED AS A ACIDULANT IN INFANT FEEDING FORMULA

LACTIC ACID

AT ________ ALCOHOL IS 95%

15.56C

what are the 2 used as aiding agents for intestinal problems?

Mannitol, Xylose

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF POLYSACCHARIDES?

STRUCTURE AND STORAGE

EXAMPLE OF HOMOGLYCAN

STARCH, INSULIN, GLYCOGEN

COMPONENTS OF STARCH

AMYLOSE AND AMYLOPECTIN

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE OF HOMOGLYCAN AND HETEROGLYCAN

HOMOGLYCAN PRODUCES ONE SUGAR UPON HYDROLYSIS. HETEROGLYCAN PRODUCES MORE THAN ONE SUGAR UPON HYDROLYSIS

WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF HOMOGLYCAN?

INSULIN, STARCH, GLYCOGEN

this is from the family of the Compositae

Insulin

are natural plant hydrocolloids that may be classified as anionic non-ionic polysaccharides or salts of polysaccharides.

Gums

Provide 3 uses of gums in pharmaceutical

Emulsifiers, tablet binders, stabilizers, thickeners, gelling agents

what are the sources of gums MMTPS

Marine Microbial Tree/Shrub epoxidates Plant extracts Seed

forms of gums: worm like, natural injuries, twisted into coils

Vermiform

forms of gums: natural injuries, irregular TEAR-LIKE

Tragacanth sorts

forms of gums: MAN-MADE incision, longitudinal striation

Ribbon

this is a type of gum that is MAN-MADE INCISION

Ribbon

is the dried hydrophillic colloidal substance extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum

Agar

Agar is also known as

Japanese Isinglas

Is a high-molecular-weight microbial gum prepared by the action of Xanthomonas campenstris on suitable carbohydrates.

Xanthan gum

what is the test for glucose?

Benedict's test

what is the test for amylose and amylopectin?

iodine test

what is the result for amylose?

dark blue

what is the result for amylopectin?

blue-violet/purple

what is the ratio of amylose in starch?

25%

what is the ratio of amylopectin in starch?

75%

how many glucose units do amylopetin have and what bonds?

1000 or glucose units a-1,4-glycosidic bonds 1-1,6- glucosidic bonds for every 25 units

how many glucose units do amylose have and what bonds?

250-300 glucose units a-1,4-glycosidic bonds

what test is for galactose

Mucic acid test

to where the dextrose can be administered?

SC, PO, IV, ENEMA

ELECTROLYTE REPLENISHER PREPARATION

Calcium gluconate

source of calcium preparation

calcium glucephate

for hematinic; IDA preparation

ferrous gluconate

prepared by PARTIAL evaporation of milk in a vacuum...

Condensed milk

prepared by evaporation milk with an extract of malt

Malted milk

from the ripe fruit of Prunus Cerasus

Cherry juice

Has malic and pectin major contents

Cherry juice

From the berries of mountain ash

Sorbitol

when gum is hydrolyzed what sugars does it yields? ara glucose gala xy man?

arabinose, glucose, galactose, xylose, mannose

what do tragacanth contains?

bassorin (swell but do non-water soluble - 60-70%) tragancanthin (more water soluble - 30%)

citric acid is discovered by?

Schlee from lemon juice

what test is done for Glycogen?

Iodine test PR: Wine red

SAS 2 - CARBOHYDRATES Flashcards

(68 cards)