SB1 words

Question 1

Eyepiece lens

Answer 1

The part of the microscope you look down

Question 2

Magnification

Answer 2

How much bigger something appears compared to its actual size

Question 3

Object lens

Answer 3

The part of the microscope that is closest to the specimen

Question 4

Stain

Answer 4

A dye used to colour parts of a cell to make them easier to see

Question 5

Aerobic respiration

Answer 5

A type of respiration in which oxygen is used to release energy from substances such as glucose

Question 6

Cell (surface) membrane

Answer 6

The membrane that controls what goes into and out of a cell it is often called the cell surface membrane because eukaryotic cells contain other structures with membranes

Question 7

Cell sap

Answer 7

Liquid found in the permanent vacuole in plant cells

Question 8

Cell wall

Answer 8

A tough layer of material around some cells which is used for protection and support. It is stiff and made of cellulose in plant cells. Bacteria have a flexible cell wall

Question 9

Chlorophyll

Answer 9

The green substance found inside chloroplasts it traps energy transferred by light

Question 10

Chloroplasts

Answer 10

A green disc containing chlorophyll found in plant cells where the plant makes glucose using photosynthesis

Question 11

Chromosome

Answer 11

A structure found in the nuclei of cells, each chromosome contains one enormously long DNA molecule

Question 12

Cytoplasm

Answer 12

The watery jelly inside a cell where the cell’s activities take place

Question 13

DNA

Answer 13

A substance that contains genetic information. Short for deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 14

Eukaryotic

Answer 14

A cell with a nucleus is eukaryotic. Organisms that have cells like this are said to be eukaryotic

Question 15

Field of view

Answer 15

The circle of light you see looking down a microscope

Question 16

Mitochondrion

Answer 16

A sub cellular structure (organelle) in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells where aerobic respiration occurs

Question 17

Nucleus

Answer 17

The control centre of a eukaryotic cell

Question 18

Ribosome

Answer 18

Tiny subcellular structure that makes proteins

Question 19

Scale bar

Answer 19

A line drawn on a magnified image that shows a certain distance at that magnification

Question 20

Scientific paper

Answer 20

An article written by scientists and published in a science magazine called a journal. It is like an investigation report but usually shows the results and conclusions drawn from many experiments

Question 21

Vacuole

Answer 21

A storage space in cells. Plants have a large permanent vacuole that helps to keep them rigid

Question 22

Acrosome

Answer 22

A small vacuole In the tip of the head of a sperm cell contains enzymes

Question 23

Adaptation

Answer 23

The features that something has to enable it to do a certain function

Question 24

Adapted

Answer 24

If something has adaptations for a certain it is said to be adapted for that function

Question 25

Ciliated epithelial cell

Answer 25

A cell that lines certain tubes in the body and has cillia one its surface

Question 26

Cilium

Answer 26

A small hair like structure on the surface of some cells

Question 27

Digestion

Answer 27

A process that breaks molecules into smaller more soluble substances

Question 28

Diploid

Answer 28

Describes a cell that has two sets of chromosomes

Question 29

Egg cell

Answer 29

The female gamete

Question 30

Embryo

Answer 30

The tiny new life that grows by cell division from from a fertilised egg cell (zygote)

Question 31

Enzyme

Answer 31

A substance that can speed up some processes in living things

Question 32

Epithelial cell

Answer 32

A cell found on the surfaces of some parts of the body

Question 33

Fertilisation

Answer 33

Fusing of male and female gametes

Question 34

Gamete

Answer 34

A cell used for sexual reproduction

Question 35

Haploid

Answer 35

Describes a cell that has one set of chromosomes

Question 36

Mircrovillus

Answer 36

A fold on the surface of a villus cell. These folds increase the surface area so that digested food is absorbed more quickly.

Question 37

Oviduct

Answer 37

A tube that carries egg cells from the ovaries to the uterus in females. Fertilisation happens here.

Question 38

Specialised cell

Answer 38

A cell that is adapted for a certain specific function

Question 39

Sperm cell

Answer 39

A male gamete

Question 40

Chromosomal DNA

Answer 40

DNA found in chromosomes/large loop of DNA found in bacteria

Question 41

DNA

Answer 41

A substance that contains genetic information- deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 42

Flagellum

Answer 42

A tail like structure that rotates allowing a unicellular organism to move

Question 43

Plasmid

Answer 43

A small loop of DNA found in the cytoplasm of bacteria

Question 44

Prokaryotic

Answer 44

A cell with no nucleus is prokaryotic e.g. bacteria

Question 45

Biological catalyst

Answer 45

A substance found in living organisms that speeds up reactions

Question 46

Catalyst

Answer 46

A substance that speeds up the rate of reaction without being used up itself

Question 47

Digest

Answer 47

To break down large molecules into smaller subunits particularly in the digestive system

Question 48

Monomer

Answer 48

A small molecule that joins with other molecules like itself to form a polymer