scada Everythi Flashcards
(18 cards)
What does the word SCADA stands for
Supervisory control and data acquisition
Define SCADA
Systems are used to control process where centralized data acquisition is as important as control
Where is SCADA used
Used in process systems like water distribution and waterwaste collection system, oil und gas pipelines, electrical utility transmission and distribution systems, rail and other public transportation systems
What does SCADA integrate to provide a centralized monitoring and control system
Data acquisition systems
With
Data transmission
And
HMI ( human machine interface)
SCADA designed to
To collect field information → transfer it to a central computer facility → display the information to the operator graphically or textually allowing the operator to monitor or control an entire system from Central location in real time
C control can be automation or by operator)
What does a control center have
And connected by what
Control server ( MTU)
Communications routers
HMI
Engineering workstations
Data historian
Connected by: LAN
What does the control system do?
Collects and logs information gathered by the field sites, displays information to the HMI,and generate actions based upon detected events.
Also responsible for centralized alarming, trend analyses and reporting
Define MTU
SCADA server, or master terminal unit.
Its the device that acts as the master in SCADA system
Define data historian
A centralized database for logging all process information within an ICS.
Information stored in this database can be accessed to support various analyses from statistical process control to enterprise level planning.
Define HMI
Human machine interface is software and hardware that allows the human operator to monitor the state of a process under control, modify control settings to change the control objectives and manually override automatic control operations in the eventof emergencies-
Allows a control engineer or operator to configure set points or control algorithms and parameters in the controller. The HMI also displays process status
information, historical information, reports, and other information to operators, administrators, managers, business
partners, and other authorized users. The location, platform, and interface may vary a great deal. For example, an
HMI could be a dedicated platform in the control center, a laptop on a wireless LAN, or a browser on any system
connected to the Internet.
WAN
Definition
Using
Like ( 4) and (3)
Wide area network
Standard and proprietary communication protocols running over serial communications used to transport information betweencontrol center and field sites using telemetry techniques such as telephone, line, cable, fiber
And radio frequency like broadcast, microwaveand satellite
Field site.
How do they allow field operators to perform remote diagnostics and repairs
Performs local control of actuator and monitors sensors.
Often equipped with a remote access capability to allow field operators to perform remote diagnostics and repairs usually over a separate dial up or WAN connections
RTU
Remote terminal unit or remote telemetry unit.
Its a special purpose data acquisition and control unit designed to support scads remote stations. RTUs are field devices often equipped with wireless radio
interfaces to support remote situations where wire-based communications are
unavailable. Sometimes PLCs are implemented as field devices to serve as RTUs;
in this case, the PLC is often referred to as an RTU.
PLC
Small industrial computer designed to preform the logic functions executed by electrical hardwares like relays and drum switches and mechanical timers and counters
Other controllers than PLC
Difference
Why PLC used in SCADA
Process controllers and RTU
They provide same control as PLC but designed for specific control applications
PLC used as field devices in scadA cause they’re more economical, versatile, flexible andconfigurable than special purpose RTU
IED
What do the combine in one device (5)
Intelligent electronic device
Smart sensor/actuator containing the intelligence required to acquire data, communicate to other devices, preform local processing and control.
Combine analog input sensors, analog output, low level control capabilities, communication system, and program memory in one device
Io server
Input/output sever is a control component responsible for collecting buffering and providing access to process information from control sub-components such as PLC und-RTU
Reside on the control server or on separate computer platform, also interfacing third party control! Component
What are the old architecture.
Explain from
Point to point, series, series star, multi drop
Point to point the simplest but expensive cause individual channels needed for each connection,
In series connection the number of channels is reduced but channel sharing has impact on efficiencyand complexity.
Series-star and multi-drop also use one channel per device so roque efficiency and increase complexity
