Schaffer - stages of attachment Flashcards
1
Q
Asocial
A
- first weeks
- similar behaviour to inanimate objects
- beginning to form bonds with specific people
2
Q
Indiscriminate
A
- 2-7 months
- clear preference for humans
- recognise familiar people
- accept attachment behaviour/comfort from any person
3
Q
Specific
A
- 7 months
- attachment w/ one person (primary attachment figure)
- 65% is the mother
- show stranger and separation anxiety
4
Q
Multiple attachment
A
- show attachment behaviours with familiar people (secondary attachments)
- 29% within a month of primary attachment
- < 1 year
5
Q
Procedure
A
- 31 boys, 29 girls
- skilled working class Glaswegian
- visited infant and mother every month for 1 year and then at 18m
- interviewed mothers about stranger and separation anxiety
6
Q
External validity
A
- most observations made by mother
- researcher observer could’ve lead to distraction or anxiety
- natural behaviour
7
Q
Observer
A
- mothers can’t be objective
- misremembering
- distracted
- social desirability
- inaccurate recording of behaviour
8
Q
Age
A
- young babies fairly immobile
- if <2m old felt anxiety behaviours may be subtle and hard to observe
- mothers found it hard to report anxiety + attachment in this age group
- may be social but we can’t tell
9
Q
Real-world application
A
- day care
- asocial and indiscriminate is straightforward as can receive comfort from anyone
- day care problematic during specific attachment
- Schaffer + Emerson stages can help parents plan
10
Q
Generalisability
A
- large scale
- good design features
- one sample
- unique historical/cultural Glaswegian features
- may not be applicable to collectivist cultures who form multiple attachment early
(Van IJzendoorn)
11
Q
Optimistic
Elephants
Always
Run
Gladly
A
Observer
External validity
Asocial stage
Real-world application
Generalisability
12
Q
Mneumonic
A
Optimistic
Elephants
Always
Run
Gladly
