schitzophrenia + antipsychotics

Question 1

what are the two types of symptoms that can present in schitzophrenia

Answer 1

positive

negative

Question 2

what are 4 positive symptoms associated with schitzophrenia

Answer 2

hallucination
delusion
paranoia
thought block

Question 3

what are 5 negative symptoms associated with schitzophrenia

Answer 3

decreased motivation

apathy

difficulty concentrating

isolation

self neglect

Question 4

what is the MAIN target of antipsychotic drugs (dopamine receptor

Answer 4

d2

Question 5

what are 4 dopamine pathways that can be affected in schitzophrenia

Answer 5

mesolimbic
nigrostantial
tuberinforma
mesocorticoid

Question 6

What is the mesolimbic pathway associated with

Answer 6

positive emotions but also hallucinations

Question 7

what is the niagrostriatal system involved in

Answer 7

dopamine store

Question 8

what is the tuberoinforma involved with

Answer 8

connected to the pituitary and prolactin secretion

Question 9

what is the mesocorticol pathway involved in

Answer 9

emotional concentration

Question 10

what are 2 examples of first generation antipsychotics

Answer 10

haloperidol

flupentixol

Question 11

what side effects can 1st gen antipsychotics cause

Answer 11

dry mouth

drowsiness

weight gain

Question 12

give 5 examples of second generation antipsychotics

Answer 12

amisulpride
aripiprazole
olanzapine
quetiapiine
risperidone

Question 13

What two anti-psychotics are most associated with weight gain

Answer 13

clozapine
chlorpromazine

Question 14

what two anti-psychotics are most associated with sedation

Answer 14

chlopromazine
clozapine

Question 15

what is akathisia

Answer 15

intense restlessness

Question 16

what anti-psychotic is most associated with akthisia

Answer 16

haloperidol

Question 17

what three anti-psychotics are most associated with parkinsons

Answer 17

benperidol
fluphenazine
haloperidol

Question 18

what antipsychotic is most associated with anti cholenergic activity

Answer 18

clozapine

Question 19

what two antipsychotics are most associated with hypotension

Answer 19

clozapine
chlorpromazine

Question 20

what five antipsychotics are most associated with prolactin elevation

Answer 20

amisulpride
benperidol
chlorpromazine
flupentixol
risperidone

Question 21

what type of antipsychotics are extra pyramidal side effects

Answer 21

first

Question 22

what are extra pyramidal side effects

Answer 22

movement disorders caused by antipsychotics think jerking

Question 23

what are 4 types of extra pyramidal side effects

Answer 23

dystonia
akathsia
parkinsonisms
tardive dyskinesia

Question 24

what is dystonia

Answer 24

uncontrolled muscle movement in any part of the body

Question 25

what is akathsia

Answer 25

again excessive restlessness

Question 26

what is parkinsonism symptoms

Answer 26

tremor rigidity bradykinesia

Question 27

what is tardive dyskinesia

Answer 27

abnormal movement of mouth lips of schnoze

Question 28

how do we manage the dystonia side effect

Answer 28

prescribe procylidine an anticholinergic

Question 29

how do we manage akathsia symptoms

Answer 29

reduce dose of antipsychotic or change

Question 30

how do we manage parkinsonism symptoms

Answer 30

anticholinergics short term which we review REGURLY avoiding use at night or REDUCE or CHANGE

Question 31

how often do we monitor the use of anticholinergic in the management of parkinsonism symptoms

Answer 31

3 month

Question 32

how do we manage tardive dyskinesia

Answer 32

STOP any anticholinergic if presccribed for other side effects reduce the antipsychotic dose change to a different antipsychotic such as clozapine

Question 33

what antipsychotic can help with symptoms of TD

Answer 33

clozapine alternatively quetiapine

Question 34

what are the short term effects of hyperprolactaemia

Answer 34

sexual dysfunction breast growth altered menstrual cyccle

Question 35

what are the longer effects of hyperprolactaemia

Answer 35

osteoporosis increased risk of breast cancer weight gain infertility

Question 36

in what groups should we avoid high risk antipsychotics in

Answer 36

<25 young women hx of osteoporosis history of hormone dependent cancer

Question 37

what antipsychotics are the most associated with hyperprolactaemia

Answer 37

amisulpride paliperidone risperidone FGA

Question 38

how do we manage hyperprolactaemia

Answer 38

lower dose and switch alt add in aripriprazole

Question 40

What is the acronym for nueroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 40

Nms

Question 41

What are the three type of symptoms of nueroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 41

Disease Heart Consciousness

Question 42

What are the major side effects of nueroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 42

Tachycardia High bp Fever Intense sweating

Question 43

What are three risk factors for developing nueroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 43

High potency of first generation antipsychotic Rapid dose change Abrupt withdrawal of anticholinergics

Question 45

What are some risk factors that aren’t to do with medication that affect the patients likely hood to develop nueroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 45

Male Young Dehydration Exhaustion

Question 46

How do we treat nueroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 46

1st withdraw antipsychotics Rehydrate If need sedate give lorazepam If bp or tachycardia give propranolol