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Clin Med II - Exam 3 > Schoenwald - Parasitic Infxns of GI Tract > Flashcards

Schoenwald - Parasitic Infxns of GI Tract Flashcards

1
Q

what are the parasitic infxns of the GI Tract

A

giardia

amoeba

helminths

cryptosporidia

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2
Q

mc cause of epidemic water borne diarrheal dz in US

A

giardia lamblia

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3
Q

most frequently identified protozoan in US

A

giardia lamblia

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4
Q

how is giardia lamblia spread

A

fecal/oral

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5
Q

onset of giardia is __ weeks post exposure,

and involves __ (5)

A

1-3

explosive diarrhea

abd cramping

flatulence

low grade fever

n/v

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6
Q

gold standard dx for giardia

A

O and P → ova and parasite testing

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7
Q

mc used dx for giardia

A

ELISA stool antigen

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8
Q

what do you think when you see, falling leaf motility

A

giardia

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9
Q

tx for giardia

A

metronidazole

tinidazole

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10
Q

what parasitic infxn involves a prodrome of diarrhea, abd cramping, n/v, tenesmus

A

entamoeba histolytica

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11
Q

entamoeba histolytica is associated w. __ that invade intestinal epithelium

and mc migrate to __

A

trophs

liver

also lung, pericardium, brain

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12
Q

after prodrome, symptoms associated w. entamoeba histolytica

A

malaise

loa

wt loss

watery stool w. mucus and blood

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13
Q

entamoeba histolytica can also involve what systemic sx (2)

A

tender liver

meningeal → brain abscess

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14
Q

what do you think when you see, chocolate milk purulent fluid

A

entamoeba histolytica

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15
Q

tx for entamoeba histolytica

A

metronidazole

OR

tinidazole

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16
Q

dx for entamoebal histolytica

A

O and P

serology

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17
Q

histolytica entamoeba is commonly found in places with

A

poor water sanitation

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18
Q

which parasitic GI tract infxn affects the lungs/gallbladder and is only symptomatic in immunocompromised pt’s

A

cryptosporidium

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19
Q

cryptosporidium is found in

A

contaminated fruit, veggies (berries esp), water

20
Q

dx for cryptosporidium

A

AFB (acid fast bacteria) stain → red

stool antigen test

stool PCR

21
Q

outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis are inked to (3)

A

pools

cattle

childcare

22
Q

only FDA approved tx for cryptosporidium

A

niazoxinide (Alinia)

23
Q

helminth infections (4)

A

ascaris lumbricoides

trichinella spirosis

enterobius vermicularis

ancyclostoma and necatur

24
Q

what type of worm is ascaris lumbricoides

A

intestinal roundworm

25
Q

largest and mc helminth

A

ascaris lumbricoides

26
Q

ascaris lumbricoides inhabits the __ and passes eggs into

__

A

small intestine

feces

27
Q

larvae from ingested ascaris lumbricoides rupture into __ where they are coughed and reingested

A

alveolar spaces

28
Q

symptoms of ascaris lumbricoides depend on

A

worm load

29
Q

sx of high worm load in ascaris lumbricoides

A

cough

fever

wheezing

SOB

oxygen desat

eosinophilia

30
Q

dx for ascaris lumbricoides

A

O and P

presence of eosins and larvae in sputum

31
Q

tx for ascaris lumbricoides (and most other helminth infxns)

A

mebendazole

albendazole

32
Q

trichinella spirosis causes __

and is associated w. what type of food

A

trichinosis

raw/undercooked meat (esp pork)

33
Q

trichinosis causes paralysis of __

A

muscles

34
Q

lab findings w. trichinella

A

elevated CK, LDH, eosinophils

35
Q

tx for tricinella

A

albendazole

OR

mebendazole

36
Q

enterobius is also called

A

pinworm

37
Q

pinworm usually affects __

and symptoms are worse __

A

kids

bedtime

38
Q

symptom commonly associated w. pinworm/enterobius vermicularis

A

anal pruritis

39
Q

dx for pinworm/enterobius vermicularis

A

finding adult worm in anal area → scotch tape prep

40
Q

tx for enterobius/pinworm is __

and __ should be treated

A

mebendazole

all in family

41
Q

hookworms are also called

A

necatur

AND

ancyclostoma

42
Q

what 3 systems do necatur and acncyclostoma affect

A

pulmonary

dermal

GI

43
Q

t/f necatur and ancyclostoma can enter through intact skin

A

T!

44
Q

hookworms (necatur/ancyclostoma) hook onto __

and can cause __

A

colon wall

anemia

45
Q

tx for hookworm (necatur/ancyclostoma)

A

albendazole

OR

mebendazole

46
Q

hookworm associated w. dogs

A

cutaneous larva migrans

47
Q

cutaneous larga migrans usually appears on the

A

feet

Clin Med II - Exam 3 (14 decks)

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