School Readiness Flashcards
(95 cards)
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: Preschool (3-5yo)
Initiative vs Guilt
Characteristics of Erikson’s “initiative vs guilt” stage
(preschool - 3-5yo)
Children begin to assert themselves, plan activities, make up games, and initiate activities
Resolution: Purpose
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: School age (6-11yo)
Industry vs inferiority
Characteristics of Erikson’s “industry vs inferiority” stage
(School age - 6-11yo)
Children need to cope with new social and academic demands
Resolution: Competence
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development: 2-7 yo
Preoperational Stage
Characteristics of Piaget’s Preoperational Stage
(2-7 yo) Key feature: Centration Egocentrism Language development Symbolic representation Irreversibility Animism
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development: 7-11 yo
Concrete operational
Characteristics of Piaget’s Concrete operational stage
Key feature: Conservation Thinking logically about concrete events Reversibility Seriation Decentering Ability to do math
Kohlberg’s stages of Moral Dvpt: stage all children are in
Preconventional
Characteristics of Kohlberg’s pre-conventional stage (stage 1)
Authority is outside of the individual and reasoning is based on the physical consequences of actions
Stage 1: Obedience/Punishment
Child is good in order to avoid being punished
If punished, they must have done something wrong
Characteristics of Kohlberg’s pre-conventional stage (stage 2)
Authority is outside of the individual and reasoning is based on the physical consequences of actions
Stage 2: Self-interest driven
What’s in it for me?
Child is good in order to obtain rewards
Begin to recognize that there is not just one right view
Social and emotional dvptl milestones at 3 years
Copies adults and friends
Shows affection for friends without prompting
Shows a wide range of emotion
Understands concept of “mine” and “his” or “hers”
Language/communication dvptl milestones at 3 years
Follows instructions with 2 or 3 steps
Talks well enough for strangers to understand most of the time
Carries conversation using 2 to 3 sentences
Cognitive dvptl milestones at 3 years
Plays make-believe with dolls, animals, and people
Copies a circle
Builds towers of more than 6 blocks
Does puzzle with 3 or 4 pieces
Movement/Physical Development
milestones at 3 years
Climbs well
Runs easily
Walks up and down stairs, one foot on each step
Social and emotional dvptl milestones at 4 years
Is more and more creative with make-believe play
Would rather play with other children than by himself
Talks about what she likes and what she is interested in
Language/communication dvptl milestones at 4 years
Tells stories
Knows some basic rules of grammar
Can say first and last name
Sings a song or poem from memory
Cognitive dvptl milestones at 4 years
Names some colors and numbers
Draws a person with 2-4 body parts
Starts to understand time
Tells you what he thinks is going to
Movement/Physical Development
milestones at 4 years
Hops and stands on one foot for up to 2 seconds
Catches a bounced ball most of the time
Pours, cuts with supervision, and mashes own food
Social and emotional dvptl milestones at 5 years
Wants to please and be like friends
More likely to agree with rules
Is aware of gender
Can tell what is real and what is make-believe
Language/communication dvptl milestones at 5 years
Speaks very clearly
Tells a simple story using full sentences
Uses future tense
Says name and address
Cognitive dvptl milestones at 5 years
Counts 10 or more things
Can draw a person with at least 6 body parts
Can print some letters or numbers
Knows about things used every day like money or food
Movement/Physical Development
milestones at 5 years
Hops; may be able to skip
Uses a fork and spoon, sometimes a table knife
Can use toilet on their own
Swings and climbs
In 1991, the National Education Goals Panel adopted as its first goal that …
“by the year 2000, all children will enter school ready to learn”