Sci Lit in Psych

Question 1

Empirical Approach

Answer 1

Based on observations

Specific observations used to inform general assumptions

Question 2

Keys to empirical approach

Answer 2

Plan whom to observe
how to observe
when to observe

Question 3

Structure of a research report

Answer 3

Title
Abstract
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
References

Question 4

What goes into the Introduction

Answer 4

Literature Review
Empirical research details
Outline approach
State hypothesis or aims

Question 5

Method

Answer 5

1. Participants
2. Measures–explain how results were quantified
3. Procedure
4. Analysis–what software you used

Question 6

Results

Answer 6

Report analytical information

Question 7

Discussion

Answer 7

Interpretations of the research
Were hypotheses supported
Outline limitations and future directions

Question 8

Empirical Studies

Answer 8

Reports of original research

Question 9

Literature Reviews

Answer 9

Evaluations of material already published

Question 10

Theoretical Articles

Answer 10

Draw on existing literature to advance theories

Question 11

Methodological Articles

Answer 11

Present new or modified ways of analyzing data or conducting research

Question 12

Case Study

Answer 12

Reports of case materials obtained while working w/ an individual, community, or group

Question 13

Causal-comparative research

Answer 13

Look to the past to determine a cause

Conducted when it is not possible to conduct an experiment

Question 14

Types of Nonexperimental Research (7)

Answer 14

Causal-comparative
Survey
Case Study
Longitudinal 
Correlational
Quantitative and Qualitative
Historical

Question 15

Correlational Research

Answer 15

Explores the degree to which 2 quantitative variables are related

Question 16

Each variable must have categories that are…

Answer 16

Exhaustive-everyone fits into a category

Mutually Exclusive-only fit into one category

Question 17

Independent Variable

Answer 17

Causal
Category-defining
Predictor

Question 18

Dependent Variable

Answer 18

Respondent
Outcome
Criterion

Question 19

Quantitative Results

Answer 19

Numbers

Based on Statistics

Question 20

Qualitative Results

Answer 20

Trends or themes

Based on words

Question 21

Deductive Approach

Answer 21

Quantitative

Using a body of research or a theory to inform course of research or conclusions

Question 22

Inductive Approach

Answer 22

Qualitative

Use observations to inform or develop a theory

Question 23

Quantitative Methods

Answer 23

Instruments that produce data
Multiple choice
Large Samples

Question 24

Qualitative Methods

Answer 24

Instruments that produce unstructured responses

Direct observations and interviews

Question 25

Construct

Answer 25

What you are trying to measure