sci_mod10 Flashcards
A cell that has no organelles
Prokaryotic cell
A cell with organelles
Eukaryotic cell
An organism that causes disease
Pathogen
Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms
Decomposers
The process by which the stem of a plant can form new roots and develop into a mature plant
Vegetative reproduction
Name the five kingdoms.
The five kingdoms are: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
An organism is made up of several eukaryotic cells and eats only dead organisms. To which kingdom does it belong?
Since it is made up of several eukaryotic cells, it is not in Kingdom Monera. Since it eats dead organisms, it is probably a decomposer. Thus, it is in kingdom Fungi.
An organism is made up of several eukaryotic cells and makes its own food. It has specialized structures that perform individual tasks. To which kingdom does it belong?
Since it is made up of several eukaryotic cells, it is not in kingdom Monera. Since it makes its own food, it is probably a plant. However, now that you know about algae, you have to be a bit concerned, because it might be algae and thus belong to kingdom Protista. However, algae does not have specialized structures, so this is not algae. It therefore must be in kingdom Plantae.
An organism is made up of one prokaryotic cell and eats only dead organisms. To which kingdom does it belong?
If it is a single, prokaryotic cell, it must be in kingdom Monera. The part about eating dead organisms is just there to fool you. Regardless of its eating habits, because it is a prokaryotic cell, it can only be a part of kingdom Monera.
An organism is made up of several eukaryotic cells and makes its own food. It has no specialized structures. To which kingdom does it belong?
Since it is made up of several eukaryotic cells and makes its own food, it is either algae or a plant. Since it has no specialized structures, it is algae. This puts it in kingdom Protista.
An organism is made up of one eukaryotic cell and eats other, living organisms. To which kingdom does it belong?
If it is a single, eukaryotic cell, it is most likely in kingdom Protista. If it ate only dead organisms, it could be a single-celled fungus. However, the problem says it eats other, living organisms. That means it is not in kingdom Fungi.
An organism is made up of several eukaryotic cells and eats only living plants. To which kingdom does it belong?
Since it is made up of several eukaryotic cells, it is not in kingdom Monera. Since it does not make its own food, it is not a plant and thus not in Plantae. Since it is more than one cell and is not algae, then it is not in kingdom Protista. It eats living plants, so it is not in kingdom Fungi, either. Thus, it must be in kingdom Animalia.
Why can dehydrated food be stored for a long time without worry of it being contaminated by bacteria?
Bacteria must have water to survive. Dehydrated food has almost all of the water removed, so bacteria cannot survive to grow and reproduce.
Why did people salt meat before refrigeration was available?
The presence of salt reduces the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Thus, salt protects meat from contamination by bacteria.
When you store food for a long time, why does covering it reduce the amount of bacterial contamination?
Bacteria can be introduced onto food or liquid by dust particles in the air. Covering the food keeps the dust particles off, preventing the addition of new bacteria onto the food.
A member of kingdom Protista can move on its own. Is it protozoa or algae?
If it can move on its own, it is a protozoa.
Are there any pathogenic organisms in kingdom Protista?
Yes, there are many pathogenic organisms in kingdom Protista. The text gives an example.
Why are decomposers essential to Creation?
Decomposers recycle the dead matter in Creation. Without them, there would be no way that the materials in dead organisms could be used again by living organisms. One reason Biosphere 2 failed was that it didn’t have a large enough variety of decomposers.
Are all members of kingdom Fungi made of many cells? If not, give an example of a single- celled member of kingdom Fungi.
No, not all members of kingdom Fungi are made of several cells. Yeast are an example of single-cell fungi.
Icebergs are dangerous to ships because the visible part of an iceberg is actually very small. Most of an iceberg is underwater where it cannot be seen. How is a mushroom like an iceberg?
Like an iceberg, the visible part of a mushroom is actually a pretty small portion of the organism. Most of the organism lies unseen underground.
What is the main part of a mushroom: the cap, the stalk, the gills, or the mycelium?
The mycelium is actually the main part of the mushroom.
A cell has a cell wall and a central vacuole. Is it a prokaryotic cell, a plant cell, or an animal cell?
Only plant cells have cell walls and central vacuoles. It cannot be prokaryotic, because the central vacuole is an organelle!
What is turgor pressure and what does it do for a plant?
Turgor pressure is the pressure inside of a plant cell that is caused by the central vacuole pushing the cell contents against the cell wall. It allows plants to stand upright.
To which kingdom do human beings belong?
Humans are members of kingdom Animalia.
