Science 01 Flashcards
(278 cards)
1
Q
Most of the cosmic rays contain which atom fragments
A
Atomic nuclei. Hydrogen nuclei, helium nuclei
2
Q
The law of conservation of mass can be broken in certain conditions like
A
Nuclear fusion
3
Q
Uses of superconductors
A
MRI scanners E bombs Maglev trains Particle accelerators
4
Q
DNA snarls are prevented by which enzyme
A
Topoisomerases
5
Q
Give examples of leptons
A
Electron Electron neutrino Tau Tau neutrino Muon Muon neutrino
6
Q
Subatomic particles are broadly classified as two types
A
Those that form matter Those that carry forces
7
Q
Who were the three famous librarians of Alexandria
A
Dimitrios of Phaleron Callimachus of Cyrene Eratosthenes
8
Q
Name three elements with a single electron in its outer shell
A
Lithium Sodium Potassium
9
Q
What is a non Newtonian liquid
A
The viscosity of a non Newtonian liquid varies depending on the amount of force applied
10
Q
Who first discovered carbon dioxide
A
Joseph Black
11
Q
What is matter
A
Anything that takes up space and has mass
12
Q
Give examples of Bosons
A
Photon Gluon W+ boson W- boson Z boson Higgs boson
13
Q
Do human and mammals have the enzymes to break the structural polysaccharide
A
No
14
Q
Science has so far discovered how many elements
A
114
15
Q
80% of all known elements in the periodic table are
A
Metals
16
Q
Change of state from plasma to gas
A
Recombination
17
Q
What are the five states of matter
A
Solids Liquids Gaseous Plasma Bose-Einstein condensate
18
Q
How are atoms arranged in a crystalline form
A
Arranged in a pattern
19
Q
What is the military version of the CDC
A
USAMRIID
20
Q
What is anti freeze
A
Substance added to water to prevent water from freezing. The antifreeze has a freezing point much below the freezing point of water
21
Q
What would happen if superfluid helium was stirred
A
It would spin forever
22
Q
When carbon dioxide gas is frozen to -78.5c it turns to
A
Solid
23
Q
What happens to the atoms and molecules at absolute zero temp
A
They do not move at all
24
Q
Glucose has two configurations
A
Emil configuration Howarth configuration
25
What is the distance of the earth from the sun
149.6 million kilometers
26
Olive oil has a viscosity of
80 centipoises
27
Fertiliser from the sky
When. It roger combines with oxygen during a lightening and the compound is rained down on earth
28
Solids. One in two forms, name them
Crystalline form Amorphous form
29
Is silicon as abundant on our planet as carbon
No
30
What is density
Ratio of mass over volume
31
The strong nuclear force is carried by
Gluons
32
What is melting point
Solids turning into liquids
33
In the periodic table the vertical column is called the
Groups
34
On earth where are the plasma state found
Lightening, electrical storm Fluorescent light bulbs Plasma TV
35
Example of deposition
Water vapour as frost
36
Hadrons are further divided into
Composite fermions...baryons Composite bosons...mesons
37
Famous science Nobel laureates who were womanisers
Einstein Schrodinger James Watson
38
What determines the volume of a gas
It’s not the size but the number of gas molecules
39
Knot theory has two concepts
Knots and tangles
40
Where is most of the hydrogen on earth located
Water
41
Water has a viscosity of how much at 27c
1
42
99% of all matter in the universe is made up of
Plasma
43
In the year 1543 two great books on science were published
Andreas Vesalius ..Fabrica Copernicus,s book
44
What is the contribution of China to science
Paper Printing Compass Gunpowder
45
The scientist who spoke very very little
Henry Cavendish
46
Name the rare form of diamond which is the hardest solid known
Lonsdaleite
47
Who did Marie Lavoisier marry after the death of her husband
Benjamin Thompson aka count of rumford
48
What is Piezoelectricity
When some crystals are squeezed they release electricity
49
Who discovered Nitrogen
Henry Cavendish
50
Change of state from gas to plasma
Ionisation
51
Two famous followers of Andreas Vesalius
Gabriello Fallopio Heironymous fabricus
52
In the pure form are most of the metals strong or weak
Weak
53
Storage polysaccharide are
Alpha glucose
54
What is supercooled water
Water whose temperature is below the freezing point but still in liquid state
55
What is nonsense mutation
Interfering with the stop codon
56
Who was the scientist to first make the connection between heat and motion
Benjamin Thompson
57
Name three scientists who had independently worked out the INVERSE SQUARE LAW
Halley Hooke Wren
58
What is the active ingredient in pepper
Piperine
59
What is a geological map
A map that shows strata that lies beneath the surface
60
Composite particles are known as
Hadrons
61
The standard version of the quantum theory is also known as the
Copenhagen interpretation
62
What is amber
Fossilised tree resin
63
Which scientist was known as THE RICHEST OF THE WISE AND THE WISEST OF THE RICH
Henry Cavendish
64
Aristotles fathered was the court physician to which king
Amyntas III
65
What is superheated water
Water whose temperature is above boiling point but still in liquids state.
66
Who discovered the piezoelectric phenomenon
Jacques curie Pierre curie
67
How are atoms arranged in an amorphous form
Atoms are arranged randomly
68
What are the three colurs of peppers
Black peppers Green peppers White peppers
69
Name the German pioneer of cell structure who used the recently discovered aniline dyes to stain the nuclei and in turn discovered chromatin
Walter Flemming
70
Special theory of relativity deals with what kinds of objects
Objects moving at constant speed and in a straight line
71
The matter particles are
Fermions
72
The element with the largest atoms is
Caesium
73
Liquid to gas is
Evaporation
74
Liquid to solid is
Solidification or freezing
75
Taking Buffon,s work even further, which man came with a more accurate way to measure the earths age
Jean Fourier
76
What is photo electric effect
Light hitting a metal knocks off electrons from the metal
77
The gas bubbles in a carbonated drink are made of
Carbon dioxide
78
Elementary Fermions are divided into
Quarks Leptons
79
The different layers of rock are known as
Strata
80
Which scientist destroyed the phlogiston theory
Lavoisier
81
Give two examples of Newtonian liquids
Water Honey
82
When air is cooled at what temperature does oxygen turn to liquid
-183c
83
In oil of cloves the active ingredient is
Eugenol
84
What is a tangle
Knot with a loose end
85
Zingerone is an active ingredient of what
The underground stem of the ginger plant
86
Name the four important orbitals of electron
S orbital..spherical P orbital..dumbbell shape D orbital..complex shape F orbital ..complex shape
87
What is the speed of oxygen molecules at room temperature
1700 km/hr
88
What was the nickname of Eratosthenes
Beta He was considered the second best
89
For most of his life Archemides lived in which town
Stagira
90
What is the THIRTY YEARS WAR
In 1618 fight broke out between the catholics and the Protestants
91
Give some examples of alloys
Brass Bronze Steel Sterling silver
92
Two famous British scientists between 1543 and 1600
William Harvey William Gilbert
93
The word ELECTRIC was derived from
Greek word elektron which means amber
94
How many isotop# does uranium have
14
95
What is SEMORDNILAP
It is a word that can be read backward but which has a different meaning
96
Very strict Protestants were also known as
Puritans
97
What creates the TAIL of the comet
As the ball of dirty ice nears the sun, it evaporates and the gases leave behind a tail
98
What was vitalism
The concept that plants and animals have vital energy
99
What is the unit of atomic mass
AMU..atomic mass unit
100
Solid to liquid is
Liquefaction
101
What is latent heat
Energy that is released or absorbed by a substance when changing phase
102
The fruit flies have a life cycle of how many days
14 days
103
Give two examples of a mixture
Tossed salad Air
104
Is rubber and butter amorphous material
Yes
105
DNA and the study of language
DNA has Synonyms Punctuations Prefix Suffix Translations Missense mutations Nonsense mutations Frameshift mutations
106
Among the three states which state can be compressed
Gas
107
What is the opposite of evaporation
Condensation
108
What are two characteristics of a LIQUID
Liquids flow Liquids take the shape of a container
109
Helium 4 becomes a superfluid at what temperature
-269c
110
The weak nuclear forces are carried by
W and z bosons
111
Sucrose is a combination of
Glucose and fructose
112
Who is known as the father of modern statistics
Sir Ronald Fisher
113
What is the melting point of gold
1000 c
114
What is the most viscous liquid
Pitch. Used for road surfaces
115
Who was the first scientist to realise that fossils are remains of living organisms that are now extinct
John Ray
116
Who produced the first chromosome map of the fruit fly
Thomas Hunt Morgan
117
Other than Copernicus , who was the only other scientist who questioned Ptolemy
German scientist, Regiomontanus, in his famous book Epitome
118
Name the main chemical bonds
Ionic bonds Covalent bonds Polar covalent bonds
119
Name the famous school in England known for its sporting traditions
Eton
120
Silicon is chemically similar to which element
Carbon
121
Give one best example of fluorescence
When uv light is shone on different minerals making them glow in different colours
122
Lactose is a combination of
Glucose and galactose
123
What are weak nuclear forces
Forces responsible for radioactive decay
124
What is the phlogiston theory
Every combustible material is made of ash(calyx) and phlogiston
125
Genes at a gtreater distance from from one another on the chromosome are more likely to reassort. Is this true
Yes
126
Give examples of crystalline form
Salt Sugar Diamond
127
What is the theory of Pangenesis
Each organ of the body secretes its own particles which then combine to form an embryo
128
Einstein’s last thought experiment, trying to prove quantum theory wrong was the
EPR paradox
129
Do human have the enzymes to break up the storage polysaccharide
Yes
130
What is MISSENSE mutations
Substituting amino acids
131
After the death of Amynta III his son took over
Phillip II
132
In. Ute get the active ingredient is
Isoeugenol
133
The diameter of the caesium atom is
596 picometers
134
The Copley medal is awarded by which society
Royal Society London
135
When Joseph Black first discovered carbon dioxide, he was experimenting with which chemical
White magnesia
136
What is frameshift mutation
Screwing up how triplets get read
137
The pneumonic plague in Surat India took place in which year
1994
138
Viscosity is measured in units called
Centipoises
139
Who first invented the word ELECTRIC
William Gilbert
140
The element with the smallest atom is
Hydrogen
141
What keeps the core of the earth hot
Radioactivity
142
What is BOUSTROPHEDON
Writing left to right and right to left in alternate lines
143
Atomic mass
Mass of the atoms protons, neutrons and electrons
144
Name the main groups in the periodic table
Metals Non metals Metalloids Halogens Noble gases
145
Which Greek calculated to an impressive degree of accuracy the circumference of the earth
Eratosthenes
146
What was Herman Mullers ( student of Thomas Hunt Morgan) contribution to genetics
He increased the rate of fruit fly mutations by irradiating them with x rays
147
What is the melting point of iron
1500 c
148
Another name for inflammable air
Hydrogen
149
Who took Benjamin Thompson’s work of heat and motion to the next level
Julius Von Mayer
150
During the Renaissance period the third man in the dissection, who would point was known as
Ostensor
151
Give examples of amorphous forms
Glass Certain plastics
152
One common use of ethylene glycol
Antifreeze
153
How does matter behave at the Bose Einstein condensate state
All the atoms behave as a single atom
154
Who was the man who was obsessed with studying strata and put fossils in thei place
William smith aka strata smith
155
Who proposed the phlogiston theory
Johann Beecher George Ernst Stahl
156
Momentum is equal to
Mass times velocity
157
The sand on the beach is made of
Silicon dioxide
158
What is the main difference between a mixture and a compound
Bonds
159
Can hydrogen combining with some amounts of oxygen be explosive
Yes
160
The electromagnetic force is carried by
Photons
161
The force of gravity is probably carried by a as yet discovered particle called
Graviton
162
When do we get Bose Einstein condensate
At extremely low temperatures. A few billionth above absolute temperature
163
Who was the Royal Society’s longest serving president
Joseph Banks
164
Gas to solid is
Deposition
165
A ball of dirty ice that follows an elongated path is known as a
Comet
166
Atomic number
The. U bet of protons in an atom
167
What is a palindrome
A word that can be read forwards and backwards and means the same
168
Name an earliest known sweetener used to sweeten wine in the Roman Empire
Lead acetate
169
The active ingredient is pepper is piperine, the active ingredient in chilli peppers is
Capsaicin
170
What is the value of absolute zero temperature
- 21315 c
171
What is fluorescence and phosphorescence
It’s a phenomenon where matter absorbs light at one wavelength and emits at another
172
EPR stand for
Einstein Podolsky Rosen
173
Gas to Bose Einstein condensate
Supercooling
174
Does water expand when it freezes
Yes
175
Carl Linnaeus probably suffered from
Asperger, which is a mild form of autism
176
The mother of modern anthropology was
Margaret Mead
177
Name a metal that is highly malleable and not ductile
Lead
178
What are the three types of hydrogen
Protium Deuterium Tritium
179
What are the two types of heat
Latent heat Specific heat
180
What is the MEISSNER EFFECT
Superconductors do not allow magnetic fields to pass through them, in fact they expel. Agnostic fields, a phenomenon known as MEISSNER EFFECT
181
Give an example of SEMORDNILAP
Sub and bus
182
What happens to most solids as you heat them
They expand
183
Structural polysaccharide are
Beta glucose
184
In the periodic table the horizontal row is known as
Periods
185
When do we get the plasma state
At very high temperatures
186
Pythagoras,s notorious doctrine was called
Metempsychosis...transmigration of souls
187
The force carrying particles are
Bosons
188
Solid carbon dioxide is also known as
Dry ice
189
Name the scientist from the Middle East who in the tenth century had done considerable work on optics
Alhazen
190
Aristotles followers became known as the
Peripatetics
191
Name the denser metal between gold, silver and copper
Gold
192
At what temperatures do some materials become superconductors
-143c
193
What is common to a cloud and an atom
Like clouds atoms have no fixed boundaries
194
The Olympia Academy of Einstein had three more members, name them
Conrad Habicht Maurice Solovine Michaelangelo Besso
195
Name some salts of Nitrogen
Nitrates Nitrites Nitrides
196
Main difference between amylose and cellulose
Amylose has Alpha linkage Cellulose has beta linkage
197
When solid carbon dioxide is exposed to room temperature it turns to
Gas
198
Give an example of a covalent bond
Oxygen Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide
199
Give a few properties of metals
Metals have High boiling and melting point Good conductor of heat and electricity Chemically reactive Weak in their pure form
200
Among the three states which is the one that can change volume
Gas
201
Who discovered the gas hydrogen
Henry Cavendish
202
Name the nasal antidepressant approved by the FDA
Esketamine
203
Even before Galileo which scientist performed the experiment of the falling weights
Dutchman, Simon Stevin
204
Honey has a viscosity of
10000 centipoises
205
The bitter taste in plants are usually
Alkaloids. Alkaloids are usually poisonous
206
The calvinists and the puritans were together known as the
Non conformists
207
Name the 25 year old Swiss biochemist who in 1869 dissolved pus and obtained nuclein
Friedrich Meischet
208
When air is cooled at what temperature does nitrogen turn to liquid
-196c
209
What is viscosity a measure of
How easily a liquid flows
210
Most liquids get heavier when it turns to solids except
ICE
211
Give an example of superheated water
Water in microwave
212
Give examples of quarks
Up Down Top Bottom Strange Charm
213
ZIPFs law is used where
It is the statistical analysis of language
214
The diameter of the hydrogen atom is
106 picometers
215
Who invented the binomial classification of all living this
Carl Linnaeus
216
What are strong nuclear forces
Forces that bind the quarks together
217
How did Mendeleev come with the idea of the periodic table
Playing solitaire
218
Name the seven wonders of the ancient world
Statue of Zeus Colossus of Rhodes Hanging garden of Babylon Temple of Artemis Mausoleum of Halicarnassus Pyramids of Giza Lighthouse of Alexandria
219
Comparison between a water molecule and a pollen grain
Water molecule is 250,000 times smaller than a pollen grain
220
Where is glycerol used
Food additive
221
Particle accelerators are also known as
Atom smashers
222
Carbon forms covalent bonds, what type of bonds does silicon form
Covalent bonds
223
The photo electric effect was also demonstrated before Einstein by another scientist
Philip Lenard
224
The famous book written by Margaret Mead
Coming of age in Samoa in 1928
225
What is the mass of an electron
One two thousandth of a proton
226
Gas to liquid is
Condensation
227
Light of the same colour striking a metal surface knocks off electrons. All these electrons carry the same amount of energy. Is this true or false
True
228
What are aromatic compounds
Aromatic compounds contain the ring structure of benzene
229
Starch has two important components
Amylose Amylopectin
230
What are cosmic rays
They are showers of high energy particles (atom fragments) that rain down on earth from outside the solar system
231
What are isomers
They have the same number of atoms but a different configuration
232
Who scrutinised Mendels findings and found that he had fudged his figures
Sir Ronald Fisher
233
What is the wetting property of a liquid
It is the degree to which a liquid keeps contact with a solid surface
234
Name two sweet substances other than sugar
Ethylene glycol Glycerol
235
When a gas is cooled at very low temperatures it turns to
Liquid
236
What is the military version of of the CDC
USA!RIID
237
Give an example of supercooled water
Louis at high altitudes are an accumulation of super cooled water
238
What are the three properties of solids
Brittle Malleable Ductile
239
Which Englishman had invented the telescope but had kept it as a secret
Leonard Diggers
240
Henry Cavendish discovered hydrogen, but what did he call this gas
Phlogiston
241
Are lead salts also sweet
Yes
242
Who was the man who did the first proper experiment to measure the earths age
Comet de Buffon
243
Which chemical group is attached to the outside of the cotton fibre that can absorb water
OH group
244
Give an example of a polar covalent bond
Water molecule. One partner gets a bigger share than the other
245
What did Joseph Black first call the gas carbon dioxide
Fixed air
246
The. Oat common isotope of helium is
Helium 4
247
William Gilbert is famous for his work on
Magnets
248
What is one amu
One-twelfththe mass of a c12 atom
249
The gaseous state has two forms, name them
Gas Vapour
250
Ants applied to DNA
Knot theory Venn diagram Uncertainty principle ZIPFs law
251
Name the famous American experimenter who did genetic work on fruit flies
Thomas Hunt Morgan
252
Where is the plasma state found
Centre of the sun
253
What is needed for a solid to change shape
An external force needs to act on it. Axe on wood
254
The major component of starch is
Amylose
255
Is sand a crystalline structure
Yes
256
Which famous scientist was nicknamed THE SOUTHERN TYCHO
Edmund Halley
257
Name the different kinds of chilli peppers
Bell peppers Banana peppers Sweet peppers Tobacco peppers Cayenne peppers Pimentos
258
Name three hot molecules
Piperine Capsaicin Zingerone
259
Name two Protestant groups
Calvinists Puritans
260
What is an electromagnetic force
The force that holds the electrons in orbit
261
Name some members of the lunar society
Erasmus Darwin Josiah wedgewood Joseph Priestly James watt
262
What are the two characteristics of a solid
It has a definite shape and volume
263
Topological predicament of a DNA
Knots Tangles Coils Links on a chain
264
What is ZIPFs law
The most common word in a language appears twice as common as the second most common word and three times as common as the third. Oat common word
265
Which naturalist first came up with a coherent theory of evolution
Jean Lamarck
266
How many of the elements occur naturally on earth
94
267
Give an example of non Newtonian liquid
Corn starch
268
After the death of Phillip II, his son took over
Alexander the Great
269
Which famous English scientist was in Italy at the time that Galileo died
Robert Boyle
270
Give an example of a ionic bond
NaCl
271
Andreas Vesalius was born in Flanders, this country no longer exists. Flanders was made up of
Belgium Netherlands France
272
At the Royal Society, Robert Hooke w Had the job of
Curator of experiments
273
What strange behaviour does helium 4 exhibit as a super fluid
Flows through microscopic pores in the solids Climbs up the walls of the container
274
Who was Joseph Black.s young assistant
James watt of the steam engine
275
Solid to gas is
Sublimation
276
Give an example of a compound
Bread
277
Mass number
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
278
Name the four primary tastes
Sweet Sour Bitter Salt
