Science 10 (Unit Two) - Unit Physics Review Flashcards
(39 cards)
What are scalars?
Quantities that are fully described by a magnitude (or numerical value) alone
Examples include 15 seconds (time), 7m (length), and 65 Kg (mass)
What are vectors?
Quantities that are fully described by both a magnitude and a direction
Examples include 100K [N] (displacement) and 66 Km/h (Fwds - velocity)
Fill in the blank: Scalars are quantities that are fully described by a _______ alone.
magnitude
Fill in the blank: Vectors are quantities that are fully described by both a magnitude and a _______.
direction
True or False: A scalar can have both magnitude and direction.
False
What is distance?
Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to ‘how much ground an object has covered’ during its motion.
What is displacement?
Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to ‘how far out of place an object is’; it is the object’s overall change in position.
What is physics?
Physics is the study of motion.
What is motion?
Motion is a change in the position of an object over time.
What does motion influence?
Motion influences when an object moves and the forces necessary to make them move.
How do scientists describe an object’s motion?
Scientists describe an object’s motion as a change in position relative to an object or place that is not moving.
What is a reference point?
A reference point is an object or place that is not in motion.
What is a frame of reference?
A frame of reference is another term for a reference point.
What does motion depend on?
Motion completely depends on the point of view of the observer.
What is distance?
Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to ‘how much ground an object has covered’ during its motion.
What is displacement?
Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to ‘how far out of place an object is’; it is the object’s overall change in position.
Who are the key figures in the development of laws concerning motion and forces?
Newton and Albert Einstein.
What is a force?
A force is a movement of energy in a direction which is a transfer of energy causing motion.
What is the unit used to measure force?
The unit we use to measure force is Newton (N) (Kg-m/s²).
What is an example of a force?
Friction is a force acting opposite of motion.
What does the first law of motion state?
An object in motion stays in motion, and an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an external force.
Example: In hockey, the puck will continue in a straight line at the same speed unless an external force (the goal post, snow on the ice, a player, etc.) applies a force to the puck.
What happens when a force is applied to an object?
The direction and speed of the object will change.
Note: On Earth, friction and gravity act continuously on objects.
What is the law of acceleration?
An object accelerates when an external force acts on a mass; greater mass requires greater force to accelerate.
Example: Little Johnny kicks a brick wall with a force of 5N and it doesn’t move, but when he kicks the soccer ball with the same amount of force, it moves all the way across the field.
How does mass affect acceleration?
Heavier objects need more force to move than lighter objects. A lighter object will accelerate more than a heavier one if the same force is applied.
