science

Question 1

can we see cells with our naked eye

Answer 1

no

Question 2

what helps us to see and draw cells

Answer 2

microscope

Question 3

what is a cell membrane

Answer 3

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 4

what is a nueclus

Answer 4

it stores information [dna] and control what happens in the cell33

Question 5

what is a mitochondria

Answer 5

realeses enrrgy from food[glucose] by aerobic respiration

Question 6

what is a cell wall

Answer 6

made from cellulose and keeps the cell rigid

Question 7

what is a vacoule

Answer 7

contains cell sap and keeps the cell firm

Question 8

what is a chloroplast

Answer 8

it contains green chlorophll that absorbs light energy to allow plants to make their own food

Question 9

what is diffusion

Answer 9

this is the movement of particles from high to low concentration

Question 10

what are unicellular organism

Answer 10

this are organism that have one cell

Question 11

Name one stucture that is found in the plant cells but not in animal cells

Answer 11

cell wall, vacoule and chloroplast

Question 12

types of unicelluar organisms

Answer 12

ameoba and euglena

Question 13

where in a cell is energy realesed from food

Answer 13

mitocrondia

Question 14

put these words in order of complexity starting with cell ; organism, organ, system and tissue

Answer 14

cell tissue organ sytem organisim

Question 15

Male produces_________ cells in the __________

Answer 15

sperm and testes

Question 16

female produces__________ cells in the _________

Answer 16

egg and ovary

Question 17

what is fertilization?

Answer 17

this is when male and female cells join

Question 18

what is menstruation*

Answer 18

this is when females have a menstrual cycle that lasts up to 28 days

Question 19

what is gestation

Answer 19

this is the process of the embryo developing in the womb

Question 20

name to types of polinated plants

Answer 20

wind pollinated and insect pollinated

Question 21

what is pollination

Answer 21

the transfer of pollen by insect or wind from the anther of a flower to the stigma of another.

Question 22

name two .improtance of plants

Answer 22

to provide us with food

Question 23

which day of the menstural cycle is a female egg realesed

Answer 23

around the 14 days

Question 24

list two ways that seeeds and friut can be dispered

Answer 24

wind and insect

Question 25

what does breathing involve

Answer 25

moving air in an out of the lungs

Question 26

first thing when breathing in

Answer 26

Ribs move up and out

Question 27

second thing when breathing in

Answer 27

diaphragm flattens and moves down

Question 28

third thing when breathing in

Answer 28

space inside the lung increases

Question 29

fourth thing when breathing in

Answer 29

this increases the volume and reduces the pressure *

Question 30

first thing when breathing out

Answer 30

ribs move down and in

Question 31

second thing when breathing out

Answer 31

diaphragm moves up

Question 32

third thing when breathing out

Answer 32

space inside the lung decreases

Question 33

fourth thing when breathing out

Answer 33

decreses the volume an increases the pressure

Question 34

what are the lungs made of

Answer 34

tiny air sacs called aveoli

Question 35

name two characteristics of air sacs

Answer 35

tiny and moist

Question 36

when does gas exgange happen

Answer 36

carbon dioxide is pushed out and oxygen is brought in.

Question 37

how does exercise affect breathing

Answer 37

improves gas exgange

Question 38

how does athma affect breathing*

Answer 38

it causes breathing tubes to narrow, making breathing diffcult

Question 39

how does smoking affect breathing

Answer 39

damages the breathing tubes so that mucus builds up

Question 40

name the process by which oxygen moves from the air in our lungs into the blood.

Answer 40

distillation

Question 41

what is a healthy diet

Answer 41

a healthy diet contains all of the classes of food in the right proportion.

Question 42

purpose of carbohydrate

Answer 42

gives the body energy

Question 43

purpose of fat

Answer 43

provides energy supply and insulation

Question 44

purpose of protein

Answer 44

used for growth.

Question 45

purpose of vitamins

Answer 45

needed to keep our bodies healthy

Question 46

purpose of minerals

Answer 46

needed to keep our bodies healthy

Question 47

purpose of fibre

Answer 47

helps undigested food pass quickly through the gut

Question 48

purpose of water

Answer 48

dissolves chemicals so that chemical reactions can take place

Question 49

how is energy in food measured?

Answer 49

joules

Question 50

1 calorie =to _________ joules

Answer 50

4.2

Question 51

what causes obesity

Answer 51

eating to much food

Question 52

when you eat to little it leads to

Answer 52

starvation malnutrition

Question 53

not eating enough protien leads to

Answer 53

kwashoirkor

Question 54

not eating enough vitamins

Answer 54

causes different diseases e.g., scurvy.

Question 55

not eating enogh minerals leads to

Answer 55

lack of iron anaemia lack of calcium soft bones

Question 56

the way food travels through

Answer 56

mouth esophagus stomach intestine rectum and anus

Question 57

what are emzymes

Answer 57

these are protiens which speed up chemical reaction

Question 58

what is photosynthesis

Answer 58

this is a process which plants make their own food

Question 59

the word equation for how plants make food

Answer 59

water + carbon dioxide ------ glucose oxygen

Question 60

diffrence in feeding between plant and animals

Answer 60

animals eat food plants make food

Question 61

what is respiration

Answer 61

this is the process by which organisms realese enegry

Question 62

name the types of respiration

Answer 62

aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Question 63

what is aerobic respiration

Answer 63

this is the process in which food (glucose) is converted into energy in the presence of oxygen

Question 64

word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 64

glucose + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide+ energy

Question 65

what is anaerobic respiration

Answer 65

this is when not enough oxygen is not enough

Question 66

what do humans breack glucose to

Answer 66

lactic acid

Question 67

word equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 67

glucose ---> lactic acid+ energy

Question 68

what is fermination

Answer 68

this is when yeast breaks glucose down into alcohol and carbon dioxide

Question 69

word equation for yeast5

Answer 69

glucose-----> alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy

Question 70

uses glucose

Answer 70

both

Question 71

uses oxygen

Answer 71

aerobic

Question 72

produces carbon dioxide

Answer 72

aerobic and anaerobic in fermination

Question 73

produces water

Answer 73

aerobic

Question 74

releases lots of energy

Answer 74

aerobic

Question 75

can prodce lactic acid

Answer 75

anaerobic in humans

Question 76

can produce alcohol.

Answer 76

anaerobic in fermintation

Question 77

causes mucscle fatique

Answer 77

anaerobic

Question 78

name 2 functions perfromed by the skeleton

Answer 78

supports the body and gives it a shape. Acts like a framework

Question 79

bones in the skeleton are joined togther by--------

Answer 79

joints

Question 80

the bones in a joint are held together by_________

Answer 80

ligaments

Question 81

the end of each bone is covered by a__________

Answer 81

cartilage

Question 82

muscles are attached to the bones by ___________

Answer 82

tendons

Question 83

what is an antagonistic pair?

Answer 83

this means each joint needs two muscles to make it work.

Question 84

how is the force exerted in muscles measured in?

Answer 84

newtons

Question 85

what is photosynthesis?

Answer 85

this is the process in which plants make food.

Question 86

what is released as a waste product in plants?

Answer 86

oxygen

Question 87

what is the chemical inside chloroplast that is used to perform photosynthesis?

Answer 87

chlorophyll

Question 88

the word equation for

Answer 88

water + carbon dioxide ------ glucose oxygen

Question 89

why are leaves the place where photosynthesis takes place?

Answer 89

they are thin. they have a large surface area. they have small holes called stomata. they have tiny tubes called xylem to carry water and minerals from the root to the leaves. they have tiny tubes called phloem to carry glucose away for storage.

Question 90

define how three of the points you have made adapt to the plant.

Answer 90

are thin- they are not heavy. stomata-allow gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen to enter or leave the leaf. have a large surface area- to catch as much sunlight as possible.

Question 91

plant and animal are -----------

Answer 91

interdependent

Question 92

state how photosynthensis is different from respiration?

Answer 92

Respiration uses food and oxygen produces carbon dioxide.

Question 93

what is variation?

Answer 93

this is when most living organisms are different from one another.

Question 94

what are niches?

Answer 94

these are different parts of the ecosystem.

Question 95

producers are --------

Answer 95

plants

Question 96

consumers are ------------

Answer 96

animals

Question 97

what are food webs made from?

Answer 97

different food chains.

Question 98

what is interdependency.

Answer 98

this describes how living organisms in an environment depend on one another.

Question 99

what do food webs show?

Answer 99

how organisms depend upon one another for food.

Question 100

what do plants at the bottom of the food web absorb?

Answer 100

poison.

Question 101

what do animals that eat a lot of plant absorb more?

Answer 101

poison

Question 102

when the poison accumulates as it is passed up the food web it is called?

Answer 102

bioaccumlation

Question 103

what do arrows on a food web show?

Answer 103

this is how energy transferred as food form one organism to another.

Question 104

we inherit half of our genetic information from our ---------- and half from our. ----------. this is called -----------

Answer 104

mother and father heredity.

Question 105

where is genetic information stored?

Answer 105

in the chromosomes.

Question 106

where are the chromosomes found?

Answer 106

in the nucleus.

Question 107

the nucleus of every cell contains --------- chromosomes

Answer 107

46

Question 108

each chromosome consists of a ------

Answer 108

very long stand of dna

Question 109

DNA is divided up to single units called. ---------

Answer 109

genes

Question 110

who and who developed the theory of DNA and in what year?

Answer 110

James Waston and Francis Crick in the year 1953

Question 111

who found evidence to support Waston and crick's theory?

Answer 111

Maurice Walkins

Question 112

who made X-ray images of DNA and found out that DNA was a double helix?

Answer 112

Rosalind Franklin

Question 113

which one is larger a chromosome or a gene?

Answer 113

a chromosome