Science

Question 1

Which of the following pieces of safety equipment are most important to have when conducting an investigation that uses glassware?

Answer 1

Goggles

Question 2

Which of the following student activities will most effectively help students to think critically about the role of plants in an ecosystem?

Answer 2

Designing a functioning terrarium that includes plants and animals

Question 3

Which of the following is most effective as part of a program to promote health in the United States?

Answer 3

Modifying lifestyle to increase aerobic activities

Question 4

Of the following, which is a widely accepted explanation that is supported by a large body of observational and experimental evidence?

Answer 4

Theory

Question 5

Of the following student activities, incorporating which will most effectively help beginning-level English-language learners’ conceptual understanding during an inquiry about organisms and their environment?

Answer 5

Observing animals in a nearby natural area

Question 6

Which of the following activities is most effective when assessing students’ abilities to use science process skills?

Answer 6

Students designing and implementing hands-on-tasks to find a solution to a problem

Question 7

Which of the following best predicts what will happen when two objects of the same shape and volume, but different masses, are dropped from shoulder height at the same time? (Assume air resistance is negligible.)

Answer 7

The objects will reach the ground at the same time because their accelerations due to gravity are the same

Question 8

Of the following substances, which is the best conductor of electricity?

Answer 8

aluminum

Question 9

Which of the following types of energy is stored in a battery?

Answer 9

chemical

Question 10

Which of the following types of energy is used by plants and converted to chemical energy as a result of photosynthesis?

Answer 10

light

Question 11

Which of the following is the most important function of stomata, the small openings found primarily on the surfaces of plant leaves?

Answer 11

Allowing gases to be exchanged between the plant and the atmosphere

Question 12

In a study on the climbing ability of lizards in a particular habitat, it was found that members of a lizard species with longer legs were better able to climb and survive than members of a lizard species with shorter legs. In this instance, the longer legs are best considered which of the following?

Answer 12

an adaptation

Question 13

A change in the DNA of which of the following types of cells in a mammal can be passed to future offspring?

Answer 13

sperm

Question 14

A decrease in the population of a producer will have the most direct immediate effect on which of the following types of organisms in a food chain?

Answer 14

a primary consumer

Question 15

Of the following, which is most likely the result of plate tectonics?

Answer 15

an active volcano

Question 16

Which of the following types of rocks are formed under conditions of intense heat and pressure but not enough heat to melt the rock material

Answer 16

metamorphic

Question 17

Which of the following is the ultimate source of energy that drives weather on Earth?

Answer 17

the sun

Question 18

Which of the following best represents the positions of Earth, the Moon, and the Sun during a full moon?

Answer 18

directly between the sun and the moon

Question 19

Which of the following lists of equipment is most appropriate for density investigation?

Answer 19

a graduated cylinder, overflow container, and balance beam

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the value of having students identify how they may have deviated from an experiment procedure when repeated trials produce different results?

Answer 20

the task helps students to recognize possible sources of error

Question 21

Because trees can be continuously planted and grown to replace trees that are harvested, they are typically classified as which of the following types of resources?

Answer 21

renewable (something that is endless, like sunlight or wind, or easily replaced)

Question 22

Which of the following statements about birds most effectively relates structure to function?

Answer 22

birds are equipped with lightweight bones for flight

Question 23

Which of the following student activities will most effectively help students overcome their misconceptions about how clouds form?

Answer 23

discussing with the teacher how a cloud is formed when the teacher uses a partially filed jar of hot water, hair spray, and a tray of ice cubes to create a cloud in a jar

Question 24

Of the following student activities which would be most useful for assessing student understanding about the formation of the Grand Canyon?

Answer 24

explaining their ordering of a series of illustrations of the Grand Canyon at different times during its geologic history

Question 25

A box is initially at rest on a frictionless surface. Which of the following pairs of forces will cause the box to move to the left?

Answer 25

C) 10N → ⏭ ← 25N

Question 26

Which of the following substances can occur naturally on Earth in the solid state?

Answer 26

water

Question 27

Which of the following statements about sounds is true?

Answer 27

sound can be modeled as a wave

Question 28

Which of the following statements correctly compares the mass of a puddle of water to that of the water vapor after the puddle evaporates?

Answer 28

the puddle of water has a mass equal to that of the water, vapor since the water has only changed phases

Question 29

Which TWO of the following are primary functions of the mammalian skeleton?

Answer 29

supporting body mass/protecting internal organs

Question 30

Which of the following is most responsible for the development of different domesticated dog breeds

Answer 30

the artificial selection of dogs that have desirable traits

Question 31

Which of the following ecosystems components forms the base of a food chain?

Answer 31

plants

Question 32

Of the following, which is thought to be most responsible for the warming of Earth’s atmosphere since the late 1800’s?

Answer 32

increasing carbon dioxide emissions (greenhouse gases)

Question 33

Of the following conditions, which are best for forming dew on grass?

Answer 33

high relative humidity, falling temperatures

Question 34

An air mass that originates over the Gulf of Mexico, or another large body of water that is close to the equator, is most likely to be

Answer 34

warm and moist

Question 35

Of the following, which best accounts for the phases of the Moon as seen from the Earth?

Answer 35

the motion of the Moon around the Earth

Question 36

Which of the following will best represent data showing the average monthly rainfall amounts for two cities over the course of a year?

Answer 36

a bar graph

Question 37

Which of the following scientists provided support for Copernicus’ theory that Earth orbits the Sun?

Answer 37

Galileo Galilei

Question 38

Of the following, which is most effective at engaging students in scientific inquiry?

Answer 38

suggesting that students explore a solution to a problem that’s relevant to everyday life

Question 39

A force of magnitude F ramp is required to move a box up a smooth ramp to a given height. A force of magnitude F lift is required to lift the same bow straight up off the ground to the same height. which of the following best compares F ramp to F lift?

Answer 39

F ramp < F lift

Question 40

Of the following, which describes a chemical reaction?

Answer 40

the production of gas by yeast cells during bread making

Question 41

Which of the following characteristics is most likely to distinguish an organism as a member of the class Insecta?

Answer 41

number of pair of legs

Question 42

A population of mice, with both dark and light colored individuals, lived in an area of light-colored sand. Development in the area has displaced the population to an area of dark-colored rock. Which of the following is most likely to occur to the displaced population in the new environment?

Answer 42

the proportion of light-colored mice will decrease due to increased predation

Question 43

The deforestation of land along a river will most likely result in:

Answer 43

an increase in the rate of soil erosion into the river (plant roots help hold soil in place)

Question 44

The majority of Earth’s nitrogen is found in:

Answer 44

the atmosphere

Question 45

Which THREE of the following are very different for the Sun and the Moon?

Answer 45

size/mass/density