science Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are examples of types of energy?
- Chemical energy
- Electrical energy
- Kinetic energy
- Light energy
- Thermal energy
These types of energy represent different forms in which energy can exist or be utilized.
How is energy transferred or transformed?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transferred or transformed between objects or from one form to another.
This principle is known as the conservation of energy.
What does an energy transfer diagram illustrate?
It shows the flow of energy from one form or object to another, clarifying how energy is transferred.
Examples include the energy transfer from a burning candle or a kicked ball.
Define the term energy.
The capacity to do work or produce change.
Why is the direction of arrows important in an energy flow diagram?
- It clarifies how energy is transferred
- It helps identify energy losses
- It makes the diagram easier to understand
Arrows indicate the path of energy movement.
What is Potential Energy?
Stored energy that an object has due to its position or state.
Define Elastic Potential Energy.
Energy stored in stretched or compressed objects.
What is Gravitational Potential Energy?
Energy stored in objects due to their height above the ground.
Define Chemical Potential Energy.
Energy stored in chemical bonds.
What is Nuclear Energy?
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom, released in nuclear reactions.
Provide examples of different forms of potential energy.
- A compressed spring (elastic potential energy)
- A rock on a cliff (gravitational potential energy)
- A battery (chemical potential energy)
- The Sun produces heat and light (nuclear energy)
These examples illustrate various states in which potential energy can exist.
What is Kinetic Energy?
Energy of moving objects.
Provide examples of objects that have kinetic energy.
- A moving car
- A running person
These objects demonstrate kinetic energy through their motion.
What is Electrical Energy?
Energy carried by moving electrons in a circuit.
Give examples of objects that use electrical energy.
- A phone charging
- A TV turning on
These devices utilize electrical energy to function.
What defines Thermal Energy?
Energy due to heat.
Provide examples of objects that have thermal energy.
- A stove heating water
- The Sun warming the Earth
These examples highlight the presence of thermal energy in everyday scenarios.
What is Sound Energy?
Energy carried by vibrations in air.
Give examples of objects that produce sound energy.
- A ringing bell
- A person talking
Sound energy is generated through vibrations that travel through a medium.
Define energy transformation.
The process of changing energy from one form to another.
Provide examples of energy transformation.
- A flashlight: Chemical (battery) → Electrical → Light
- A car engine: Chemical (fuel) → Thermal → Kinetic
- A toaster: Electrical → Thermal
These examples illustrate how energy can change forms in different devices.
What is the difference between energy transfer and energy transformation?
- Energy Transfer: Moves from one object to another
- Energy Transformation: Changes from one form to another
Understanding this distinction is crucial for analyzing energy systems.
What is electric current?
The flow of electric charge in a circuit.
Identify the key components of an electric circuit.
- Power source (battery)
- Wires
- Switch
- Load (light bulb, motor, etc.)
These components are essential for the functioning of an electric circuit.
