science

Question 1

1. provide examples of types of energy

Answer 1

Chemical energy
Electrical energy
Kinetic energy
Light energy
Thermal energy

Question 2

explain how energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be passed between objects.

Answer 2

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed; it can change from one form to another, like from kinetic to potential energy, or move between objects, but the total energy in a system stays the same.

Question 3

define the term energy

Answer 3

The ability to do work or make things move.

Question 4

5. explain why the direction the arrows point in a flow diagram is important?

Answer 4

Arrows in an energy flow diagram show the direction in which energy moves. This is important because:
It clarifies how energy is transferred (e.g., from a power source to a device).
It helps identify energy losses (e.g., heat lost in a machine).
It makes the diagram easier to understand by following a logical energy path.

Question 4

1. define and explain the following terms:

Answer 4

Potential Energy – Stored energy that an object has due to its position or state.
Elastic Potential Energy – Energy stored in stretched or compressed objects (e.g., a stretched rubber band).
Gravitational Potential Energy – Energy stored in objects due to their height above the ground (e.g., a book on a shelf).
Chemical Potential Energy – Energy stored in chemical bonds (e.g., food, batteries, fuel).
Nuclear Energy – Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom, released in nuclear reactions (e.g., the Sun’s energy, nuclear power plants).

Question 5

2. describe examples of the different forms of potential energy

Answer 5

A compressed spring (elastic potential energy).
A rock on a cliff (gravitational potential energy).
A battery (chemical potential energy).
The Sun produces heat and light (nuclear energy).

Question 6

Define

Answer 6

​​Kinetic Energy – Energy of moving objects (e.g., a rolling ball).
Electrical Energy – Energy carried by moving electrons in a circuit (e.g., a light bulb).
Thermal Energy – Energy due to heat (e.g., a hot cup of tea).
Sound Energy – Energy carried by vibrations in air (e.g., music from a speaker).

Question 7

2. provide examples of objects that use or have kinetic, electric, thermal, and sound energy.

Answer 7

Kinetic: A moving car, a running person.
Electrical: A phone charging, a TV turning on.
Thermal: A stove heating water, the Sun warming the Earth.
Sound: A ringing bell, a person talking.

Question 8

1. define and provide examples of energy transformation.

Answer 8

Energy transformation is the process of changing energy from one form to another.
Examples:
A flashlight: Chemical (battery) → Electrical → Light
A car engine: Chemical (fuel) → Thermal → Kinetic
A toaster: Electrical → Thermal