Science

Question 1

Biotic interactions are between two or more __________.

Answer 1

Living things

Question 2

Abiotic relationships are interactions between one or more organisms and it’s ______________.

Answer 2

Surroundings

Question 3

What are the levels of ecological organization?

Answer 3

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Question 4

The original term for ecology was __________, originally used by German biologist Ernst Haeckel in 1866.

Answer 4

“Oekologie”

Question 5

When did Ernst Haeckel live?

Answer 5

1834-1919

Question 6

Who wrote the Origin of Species in 1859?

Answer 6

Charles Darwin

Question 7

Ecology is closely connected to the theory of ___________.

Answer 7

Natural selection

Question 8

What is the process by which individuals with better adapted heritable characteristics tend to survive and reproduce more successfully than other individuals with less adapted characteristics?

Answer 8

Natural selection

Question 9

Environmental studies examines what?

Answer 9

Human impacts on physical, biological, and chemical processes

Question 10

What social movement seeks to take steps to minimize human impacts on planet Earth?

Answer 10

Environmentalism

Question 11

Individuals often compete with each other for limiting resources. What are these resources?

Answer 11

Light, water, food, and/or nutrients

Question 12

What is a population?

Answer 12

A group of individuals of the same species that live in a particular area and interact with each other

Question 13

What is the study of populations of organisms?

Answer 13

Population ecology

Question 14

What is a community?

Answer 14

Two or more interacting populations within an area

Question 15

What is the study of interactions among communities?

Answer 15

Community ecology

Question 16

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 16

A community of of organisms and the abiotic environment in which they live

Question 17

What are patch works of multiple communities and ecosystems?

Answer 17

Landscape

Question 18

What is a biome?

Answer 18

A large scale region dominated by similar ecosystems

Question 19

All of the world’s ecosystems together make up the _______________.

Answer 19

Biosphere

Question 20

What is the order of the scientific method?

Answer 20

Ask a question, state a hypothesis, conduct an experiment, analyze the results, make a conclusion

Question 21

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 21

An educated guess

Question 22

What is formed to collectively explain the results of a large number of experimental observations?

Answer 22

Theory

Question 23

What is ecology?

Answer 23

The scientific study of the relationship between organisms and their environment

Question 24

Describe Histosols.

Answer 24

Organic, deep organic matter, wet conditions

Question 25

Describe Andisols.

Answer 25

Volcanic, mild weathering

Question 26

Describe Gelisols.

Answer 26

Permafrost, very cold

Question 27

Describe Inceptisols.

Answer 27

Very little B Horizon development

Question 28

Describe Aridisols.

Answer 28

Dry, desert conditions

Question 29

Describe vertisols.

Answer 29

Swelling clay, high base, dry season

Question 30

Describe Alfisols.

Answer 30

Mildly acidic, clays, moist

Question 31

Describe Entisols.

Answer 31

Recent, less developed

Question 32

Describe Mollisols.

Answer 32

Soft, dark, semi arid to moist, grass lands

Question 33

Describe ultisols.

Answer 33

Strongly acidic, clays, wet, warm, acid silicate, and oxidizes

Question 34

Describe spodosols.

Answer 34

Spodic, cool, wet, sand, acid, coniferous forest

Question 35

Describe oxisols.

Answer 35

Oxides, wet, tropical ion activity, clays, extremely weathering, highly developed

Question 36

_______ is a critical component in all organisms.

Answer 36

Water

Question 37

What is surface runoff?

Answer 37

Overland flow of excess water

Question 38

Evapotranspiration is what?

Answer 38

The sum of the water lost from evaporation plus transpiration

Question 39

What is transpiration?

Answer 39

The movement of water through a plant

Question 40

The conversion of sunlight into carbon compounds is what?

Answer 40

Photosynthesis apparently

Question 41

What is the first step of photosynthesis?

Answer 41

Harvesting sunlight and transporting it

Question 42

What is the second step of photosynthesis?

Answer 42

Fixing carbon to generate carbohydrates

Question 43

What aspect of photosynthesis determines the supply of energy available to organisms?

Answer 43

The rate of photosynthesis

Question 44

What happens to deciduous trees?

Answer 44

They lose their leaves in the fall

Question 45

Community ecologists seek _________.

Answer 45

To find how interaction, species, and spatial arrangements make up an ecosystem

Question 46

The number of different species in a defined geographical area.

Answer 46

Species Richness

Question 47

The percentage that each individual species contributes to the environment.

Answer 47

Evenness

Question 48

Species diversity combines __________ and ___________

Answer 48

Species richness and relative abundance