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School SHITS(Gr.10) > Science(5) > Flashcards

Science(5) Flashcards

1
Q

Concerned the study of genes,genetic variation and heridity in organism

A

Genetic

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2
Q

Genetic information of living organism

A

DNA(Deoxyribonucleic Acid or The Human body recipe)

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3
Q

The DNA was first identified by

A

Friedrich Miescher

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4
Q

The DNA was first identified by who

A

Friedrich Miescher

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5
Q

Double helix structure were first discovered by

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

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6
Q

Functions of DNA:

A

Energy Carriers: ATP and GTP
Cellular Respiration: NAD and FAD
Signal Transduction: Cyclic AMP
Vitamins: Nicotamide, Mononucleotide and Vitamin B2)

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7
Q

Ladder is made up of nucleotides:

A

Phospate Backbone,Five Carbon Sugar, and Nitrogenous Base

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8
Q

Like the sides of a ladder.Without it, no DNA strand will be formed

A

Phosphate Backbone

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9
Q

Phospate Backbone reffered to as

A

Sugar-phosphate backbone

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10
Q

Is a deoxygenated five-carbon sugar.Main purpose is to link the nucleic acids to the phosphate backbone

A

Deoxyribose

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11
Q

What are the 2 nitrogenous BASES

A

Purines and Pyrimidines

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12
Q

Purine has

A

Double Ring Structures

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13
Q

Pyrimidines has

A

Single Ring Structure

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14
Q

Is one of the three essential macromolecules that is needed by living things

A

Ribonucleic Acid

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15
Q

Made up of five carbon sugar called

A

Ribose

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16
Q

3 kinds of RNA

A

mRNA
tRNA
rRNA

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17
Q

Formed in the nucleoplasm with the use of DNA template

A

Messenger RNA

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18
Q

Describe as clover-shaped with three exposed bases called anticodons and an amino acid

A

Transfer RNA

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19
Q

Provides mechanism for decoding mRNA into amino-acids

A

Ribosomal Acid

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20
Q

Most structurally varied molecule in which the human body containts atleas 10,000 different kinds of proteins

A

Proteins

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21
Q

Building block of proteins

A

Amino-acid

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22
Q

Atleast has blank different kinds of proteins

A

10,000

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23
Q

Protein Sythesis:

A

-Replication
-Transcription
-Translation

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24
Q

Instruction in DNA are converted into a functional product

A

The Central Dogma

25
Q

Factories in the cell where the information is “Translated” from a code into the functional product

A

Ribosome

26
Q

Cinverted into the functional product

A

Gene Expression

27
Q

Components of GENE EXPRESSION

A

Transcription and Translation

28
Q

Is the process by which makes a copy of itself during celll division

A

DNA Replication

29
Q

Enzymes called ____ separate DNA strand breaking the H bonds at the replication fork

A

Helicases

30
Q

70S Ribosome Three Sites:

A

Peptidyle or P sites-The activator tRNA
Acceptor or A sites-Deactivated tRNAs
Exit or E site-tRNA eventually exits

31
Q

Biological phenomenon is DNA replication.DNA makes coppies as your cells and divide multitude times

A

Genetic Mutation

32
Q

Change genetic material of the cells

A

Mutation

33
Q

Inherited from a parent and is present throughout a person’s life

A

Heriditary Mutation

34
Q

Defected DNA sequence is called

A

Mutant/Mutant DNA

35
Q

Hereditary Mutation is also called

A

Germline Mutation

36
Q

If the mutated gene is ____ in either of the parent,the offspring will inherit the diseases by taking atleast one of the gene

A

DOMINANT

37
Q

Both genes are needed before the disease is “Activated” and is inherited

A

RECESSIVE

38
Q

Also called “Acquired Mutation”.Occurs at the point in person’s lifetime and only in specific cells

A

Somatic Mutation (Ex. Heterochromia)

39
Q

-Any changes in the structure of chromosomes caused by chances in the DNA sequence MUTANT DNA

A

Chromosomal Mutation

40
Q

When a portion of the chromosomes is deleted or removed

A

Deletion

41
Q

When a portion of the chromosome is duplicated

A

Duplication

42
Q

Chromosome is transfered to another chromosomes

A

Translocation

43
Q

Chromosome are switched or inverted

A

Inversion

44
Q

Both lose and gain genetic material

A

Insertion

45
Q

Offspring or child recieves two defective genes from a parents who are not manefisting the detect(carriers)

A

Genetic Disorder

46
Q

Receives only one recessive defective gene.

A

Carriers

47
Q

Caused by damage in a single nucleotide in the gene hemoglobin

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

48
Q

Rare genetic disorder passed from parents to child

A

Tay Sachs Disease

49
Q

Cannot break down phenylalanine that build up in the body and affects the brain

A

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

50
Q

Some gland produce much mucus that it clogs and damage

A

Cystic Fibrosis

51
Q

States that gass molecules are always in constant motion and tend to collide without loss of over all kinetic energy

A

Kinetic Molecular Theory

52
Q

Gasses that fit the description of the kinetic molecular theory are referred as

A

Ideal Gases

53
Q

-Particles have volume
-Energy lost in collisions
-Intermolecular forces

A

Real Gases

54
Q

-Particles have no volume
-Collisions are elastic
-No interactions between particles

A

Ideal Gaps

55
Q

Is a force exerted by the substance per unit area on another substance

A

Pressure n

56
Q

Is the space occupied by matter

A

Volume

57
Q

An important property of gas

A

Temperature

58
Q

Pressure of a gas with constant mass is inversely proportional to its volume

A

Boyle’s Law

School SHITS(Gr.10) (23 decks)

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