Science Flashcards by Joaquim Proenca

What is the study of plants called

Botany

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What is the study of animals called

Zoology

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What is the study of microbes called

Microbiology

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Name four microbes that cause disease

Bacteria Virus Fungus Parasites

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Name the instrument used to look at microbes

Microscope

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Name the planet which is closest to the sun

Mercury

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Name the planet which is most distant from the sun

Neptune

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Name the planets of the solar system

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

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Name the only planet which has life on it

Earth

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Name the largest planet of the solar system

Jupiter

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All the planets of the solar system go around the

Sun

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What is a satellite

An object that goes around the planet

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How many satellites does the planet earth have

One

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Name the satellite of the planet earth

Moon

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Who invented the printing press

Johannes Gutenberg

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Which was the first printed book in the world

The Bible

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Who discovered that white light is made up of the seven colours of the rainbow

Isaac Newton

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Who discovered the force of Gravity

Isaac Newton

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Name the instrument used to measure temperature

Thermometer

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The process by which plants make their own food is called

Photosynthesis

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Name the pigment that helps in photosynthesis

Chlorophyll

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The study of celestial objects is called

Astronomy

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Name two famous discoveries of Louis Pasteur

Germ Theory 2. Pasteurisation

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Who first discovered that the arth goes around the sun

Galileo Galilei

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Who first discovered that lightening is an electric phenomen

American scientist Benjamin Franklin

The planet Uranus was discovered by

William Herschel

Who discovered the X Ray

Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen

Who was the famous painter to draw the Mona Lisa

Leonardo da Vinci

Who was the famous scientist who drew plans for helicopters, aeroplanes and parachutes

Leonardo da Vinci

What is Pasteurisation

A process that uses heat to destroy bacteria in food especially milk

Name a very famous prize awarded to scientists

Nobel Prize

Name the famous scientist from America who flew a kite in the storm and learnt about lightening and electricity

Benjamin Franklin

Light waves are made up of two components, name them

Electric and magnetic. So light waves are also known as electromagnetic waves

The tiny openings on the surface of a leaf is called

Stomata

Humans inhale which gas

Oxygen

Humans exhale which gas

Carbon dioxide

Plants inhale which gas

Carbon dioxide

Plants exhale which gas

Oxygen

All living things give birth to their young ones, this process is called ?

Reproduction

Plants are producers because....

they make their own food

Which part of the plant is also known as “ The food factory “ of the plant

Leaves

Large plants with tall, strong and woody stem are known as

Trees

Give one example of a tree with a strong stem

Neem tree

Give one example of a tree with a soft stem

Banana tree

The plants that grown along the ground or up the sides of walls or trees are known as

climbers and creepers

Give two examples of climbers and creepers

Watermelon plant Money plant

Small plants that have HARD and Many Seperate STEMS and that grow near the ground , are known as

Shrubs

Plants which are valued for flavour, scent and medicinal properties are called as

Herbs

Plants that grow in water or in wet soil under water are known as

Aquatic plants

Give examples of herbs

Mint Parsley Basil Daphne Rosemary Rocket Dill Spinach

Name this plant

Mint

Name the plant

parsley

Name this Herb

Basil

Name this Herb

Dill

Name this Herb

Rosemary

Name this Herb

Rocket

Name this herb

Daphne

Name this Herb

Spinach

Plants that grow where we don’t want them to grow are known as

Weeds

Give three examples of aquatic plants

Water hyacinth water lettuce fanwort

Name this aquatic plant

Water Hyacinth

Name this aquatic plant

Water lettuce

Name this aquatic plant

Fanwort

Leaves are of two types, name them

simple leaf Compound Leaf

The outer surface of a leaf has a waxy coating called

Cuticle

Which part of the leaf carries water and nutrients within the leaf

veins

The flat and the broad part of the leaf is called the

leaf blade

Plants that grow throughout the year and don not shed their leaves in a particular season are known as

Perennial plants

Perennial plants are also known as

Evergreen plants

Give two examples of perennial plants

Garden asparagus Peepal

Name this perennial plant

Garden Asparagus

Name this perennial plant

Peepal

Plants that grow in a particular season and shed their leaves in a particular season are known as

Seasonal Plants

Give two examples of seasonal plants

Sal Oak

Name this seasonal plant

Sal

Name this seasonal plant

Oak tree

Name a winter fruit

orange

Name a winter vegetable

Pea

Name a summer fruit

mango

Name a summer vegetable

cucumber

Name two plants that grow in the desert

Cactus plant Babul

Name this plant that grows in the dessert

Babul

What are the two methods of sowing seeds

Direct method Indirect Method

Name the method of sowing, where seeds of crop plants are scattered and sown directly in the field?

Direct Method

Name the method of sowing where seeds of crops are grown first in seedbeds and when the seedlings are a few inches high, they are taken out and planted in the fields

Indirect method

The indirect method of sowing is also known as

transplanting

Give one example of indirect method of sowing

Rice

Give four examples of direct method of sowing

Wheat maize Gram Beans

Name two medicinal plants

Aloevera Neem

Cotton fibbers are used to make

Cloth thread

Jute fibbers are used to make

Sacks Bags Mats Ropes

A person who studies chemical reactions is known as a

Chemist

A person who studies plants is known as a

Botanist

A person who studies animals is known as a

Zoologist

Where in the plant do we find the male part and the female part

In the flowers

The male cells of a plant is a powder called as

pollen

The male cells, called POLLEN, are produced in which part of the flower ?

Stamen

The female part of the flower is called the

Pistil

What are the two factors that attract animals and birds to the flower

Scent of the flower colour of the petals

Animals and birds pick up pollen from one flower and deposit it on another. So when the pollen of one flower enters into the pistil of another flower. This process is called

Pollination

A tree that produces its seeds in cones is called

Coniferous trees

Give three examples of coniferous trees

Spruce Fir Pine

Name three carnivorous plants

Venus flytrap Pitcher Plant Sundew

Into how many parts is the body of an insect divided

Three parts

The body of an insect is divided into three parts, name them

Head Thorax Abdomen

The legs of an insect are attached to which part of the body

The Thorax

Name some pollinators

Water Air insects Birds Animals

What are social insects

insects that live in a group

Give an example of a social insect

bee

Name the three types of bees

Queen bee worker bee Drones

In a beehive which is the bee that lays all the eggs

Queen bee

In a beehive name the bees that gather food to feed the young ones

Worker bees

Are the worker bees male or female

Worker bees are always female

What do the honeybees do to tell one another where to find flowers

They dance

The sewer fluid that honeybees collect from the flower is called

Nectar

What is the six sided cells that honeybees build in their hive called ?

Honeycomb

Identify this insect

Wasp

Identify this insect

Flea

Identify this insect

Grasshopper

Identify this insect

Dragonfly

Identify this insect

Fly

Identify this insect

Cockroach

Identify this insect

Beetle

Identify this insect

Ladybug

An ARACHNIDS are animals that have how many main body parts

Two

ARACHNIDS are animals that have how many legs

Eight (4 pairs)

Do ARACHNIDS have wings

Do insects have wings

Yes

Give four examples of ARAACHNIDS

Spiders Scorpions Ticks Mite

Identify this ARACHNID

Spider

Identify this ARACHNID

Mite

Identify this ARACHNID

Tick

Identify this ARACHNID

Scorpion

A tree has a hard stem called the...

Trunk

The trunk of a tree is covered by a hard skin called the...

bark

Name two trees that can live for hundred of years

Banyan tree Neem tree

Name this tree that is known to live for hundred of years

Banyan tree

Name this plant

Neem

Shrubs live for how long

Several years

Herbs live for how long

Few months

Is coriander a Herb?

yes

Give three examples of climbers

Grapevine Money Plant Pea

Give three examples of creepers

Watermelon Pumpkin Bottle gourd

Other than cactus and babul, name another desert tree

date palm

Name the parts of a plant

Root Stem Leaves Flowers Fruits

Dolphins breathe through a hole on the top of their heads. This hole is called a

Blowhole

Name the four types of sharks you have learnt so far

whale shark Mako shark white shark Hammerhead shark

The largest fish in the sea is the

whale shark

The fastest kind of a shark is the

Mako shark

Name the shark which has eyes at each end of its wide head

Hammerhead shark

Name the most dangerous kind of shark

white shark

Name a fish that has no brains and no bones

jellyfish

Which part of the jelly fish can sting

tentacles

Some jelly fish have no tentacles, they are known as

upside down jelly fish

Give three examples of flat fish that you have learnt so far

Plaice Peacock Flounder Sting Ray

Name the flat fish that can change the colour of its skin to hide from other fish

Plaice

Name this flat fish

Peacock flounder

Name the flat fish that swim by moving it’s huge fins up and down like wings

Sting rays

Name the sting ray that gives other fish an electric shock and then they eat them

Torpedo sting ray also known as electric sting ray

What does an octopus do when it is scared

Sprays a cloud of ink

How many strong arms does an octopus have

eight

What structure does an octopus have on its arms

Suckers

Sea turtles live in the sea but lay their eggs on

land

Which part of the body does the sea turtle use to swim through water

Flippers

Do sea turtle weigh about the same as adult human beings

yes

Name a fish that swims upright

sea horse

How does a sea horse stay in one place

it curls its tail around a sea plant

Sea dragons can hide easily because

they look like sea weed

Name some fast fish

Flying fish Sail fish

For how long can a flying fish glide over the water

45 seconds

Name the fastest fish in the sea

Sail fish

Name a fish with poisonous spines

Lion fish

Name the fish that swells up like a balloon when attacked by a shark

porcupine fish

Fish can swim in a group, this group is known as

School

Name the penguins that drive from rocks

rockhopper penguins

The biggest animals in the sea are the

Whales

The sperm whale can hold its breath for how long

one hour

Name the whales that swim near the surface of the water and they make noises that sound like songs

Humpback whales

Name four fish that are found at the bottom of the sea

Hatchet fish Angler fish Viper fish Eel ( gulper eels)

From where do the fish that live at the bottom of the sea get their food

they wait for Dead Sea animals to sink from above

Name this fish

Viper fish

What is the solar system

The system of the sun and the eight planets that go around it

A hole on the moon or a planet formed by a space rock hitting it is called a

Crater

A person who is specially trained to travel into space is known as a

Astronaut

The small space craft that landed on the moon is called a

Lunar module

A group of billions of stars is known as a

Galaxy

The instrument that makes things from faraway look bigger and closer is known as a

Telescope

How many years did it take a spacecraft to go from earth to saturn

seven year

How was the sun formed

The sun was formed from a thick layer of gas and dust

The dark areas on the surface of the sun are known as

sunspots

Are the sunspots cooler than the rest of the sun

Yes

Name the spacecraft which studies the sun from space

Ulysses

Name the rocky planets

Mercury Venus Earth Mars

Name the robot car that drove on the surface of the planet Mars

Mars Rover

The rings of the planet Saturn are actually made of

Dust Rocks Ice

How many moons does the planet Jupiter have

More than 40

Name the phases of the moon

Full moon New Moon Crescent moon Gibbus

When the moon sometimes moves in front of the sun and blocks out the suns light, this phenomenon is called the

Solar eclipse

Some stars move around in pairs, these stars are known as

Double stars

When a star explodes, it is known as

supernova

Two most common shapes of galaxies are

Oval shape Spiral shape

Is a shooting star really a star

What is a shooting star

It is a hot piece of space rock

Shooting stars are also known as

Meteors

When lots and lots of space rock all fall at once , this phenomenon is known as

Meteor shower

What happens to most of the space rocks ( meteors) as they reach the earth

Most of them burn away

Name a very famous telescope that is in space and not on earth

The Hubble space telescope

The sun and its 8 planets are a part of which galaxy

Milky way galaxy

At the centre of the Milky Way galaxy there is a very big black hole, Name this black hole

Sagittarius A

Our galaxy is the Milky Way galaxy, name our neighbouring galaxy

Andromeda

When the sun is about to die it will change into a

Red Giant

Scientists have recently found evidence for a ninth planet, this planet is known as the

Planet X

How heavy is the Planet X

ten times the mass of the earth

Name the first five recognised dwarf planets

Eris Makemake Haumea Ceres

The path taken by a planet around the sun is known as

orbit

Ceres the dwarf planet was first discovered in 1801 by

Giuseppe Piazzi

Name the first dwarf planet that was visited by a spacecraft

ceres

Name the most famous METEOR SHOWER that streaks across the sky every year around August 12

Perseids

What is VENUS TRANSIT

Name the first comet on which a space craft landed

How many earths can fit inside the sun

one million earths

Which scientist discovered the rings of the planet Saturn

Galileo Galilee

How many rings does the planet Saturn have

Name the four spacecrafts that have visited the planet Saturn

voyager 1 voyager 2 Pioneer 11 Cassini Huygens

The current orbit of the moon around the earth takes how many days

27.3 days

Name four famous black holes

Sagittarius A Cygnus X 1 Centaurus A M87

Name the celestial body in the solar system that is full of active volcanoes

lo , moon of Jupiter

Living things need fresh water from

Rain Snow

Clouds are made of

Drops of water

What is lightening

lightning is electricity

Give three names for a fierce, fast, twisting wind

Tornado Twister Cyclone

In Australia a sandstorm is called as

Willy willy

In Sudan the sandstorm is known as

Haboobs

A snowstorm is also known as a

Blizzard

Are there storms and hurricanes on other planets too

Yes

The hurricane on Jupiter is called

Great Red Spot

Name this insect

Cricket

A habitat where most of the plants are grasses is known as?

Grassland

In Nrth America the grasslands are known as?

Prairies

A small body of fresh water is known as a?

Pond

# remember MIS sitting on a rock The earth is made up of three types of rocks. Nmae them?

Metamorphic Igneous Sedimentary

This rock created when hot, liquid rock rises from deep below the earths surface, cools and hardens. When the rock cools sowly crystals form giving the roocks a grainy appearance. This type of a rock is known as?

Igneous Rock

Igneous rocks are found near volcanic areas. Is this true?

Yes

Name this rock which is formed as layers of mud sand and other materials settle on top of one another. Over thousands of years they are pressed into solid rock

sedimentary Rock

Name this rock that is formednwhen solid rock is changed by extreme pressure and heat often from volcanoes. They are hard smooth and often have a distinctive wavy or stripy pattern