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University of Success School > Tsunamis and other natural disasters Fact Tracker > Flashcards

Tsunamis and other natural disasters Fact Tracker Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the natural disasters that begin deep inside the earth

A

Tsunamis

Earthquakes

volcanoes

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2
Q

Name the natural disasters caused by weather

A

Hurricanes

Tornadoes

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3
Q

Can volcanos happen underwater as well as on land

A

Yes

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4
Q

Each year on an average there are how many volcanoes that occur on this planet

A

1 million

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5
Q

Most earthquakes on our planet lasts for how long?

A
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6
Q

On which layer of the earth do we live on

A

Crust

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7
Q

In most places the crust of the earth is how thick

A

25 miles

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8
Q

How thick is the crust of the earth under the ocean

A

6 miles thick

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9
Q

The middle layer of the earth is known as ?

A

Mantle

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10
Q

What is the mantle of the earth made up of

A

Super hot rocks. The rocks in the mantle are like thick paste.

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11
Q

What is the Magma

A

Deeper down in the mantle the rocks get so hot that they melt. This melted rock is called magma.

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12
Q

The inner part of the earth is called the

A

Core

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13
Q

The core of the earth is divided into two parts, name them

A

Inner core

outer core

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14
Q

The earths crust is not made up of a single large piece but is made up of different pieces that come in different sizes and shapes. These pieces are known as

A

Plates

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15
Q

How many plates make up the earths crust

A

9 large plates and many smaller ones

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16
Q

The point directly above where the earthquake occurs is the

A

Epicenter

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17
Q

As the plates slide over each other they cause a break on the earths surface. This break on the earths surface is known as

A

Fault line

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18
Q

During an earth quake powerful waves are generated, the waves are known as

A

Seismic waves

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19
Q

At what speed does the earth quake wave move through solid rock

A

1600 miles per hour

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20
Q

The smaller waves that come after an earthquake are known as

A

Aftershocks

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21
Q

For how long can the aftershocks last

A

Days, weeks or even months

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22
Q

The instrument to measure earthquakes is known as

A

Seismograph

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23
Q

The scientist who studies earthquakes is known as a

A

Seismologist

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24
Q

The scale used to measure earthquakes is known as

A

Moment Magnitude

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25
Most earthquakes in the United States occur in which two places
Alaska California
26
What does the word TSUNAMI mean in Japanese
Harbour waves
27
Some people call TSUNAMIS as
Tidal waves
28
How are most of the waves on the beach formed
Wind moving over the water
29
What causes Tsunamis
Underwater earthquakes underwater volcanoes landslides
30
Just before a tsunami the water pulls back a long way from the shore. This phenomenon is known as
Drawback
31
Can we see the tsunami waves from the sea shore
Yes
32
Can we notice the tsunami waves in the middle of the ocean
No
33
Animals can sense the earth is going to shake and so, they become restless before and earthquake, is this true
Yes
34
The height of a tsunami wave is slightly higher than the normal sea wave, this difference in height is known as?
Run up
35
The word volcano is derived from
Vulcan, the Roman god of fire
36
The hot fliud or semi fluid below the earths crust is known as?
Magma
37
The magma rises to the surface through passages called?
Conduits
38
When magma hits open air, it cools down, this cooled down magma known as
Lava
39
Are all volcanic eruptions violent?
No
40
Lava is of two types, name them
Thick lava Thin lava
41
In AD 79 mount Vesuvius erupted and buried the town of?
Pompeii
42
When mount Vesuvius erupted and buried the entire town of Pompeii, what actually killed the residents of Pompeii
Pyroclastic flow
43
What is a PYROCLASTIC FLOW
It is a blast of hot ash and gas
44
In 1902 on the island of Martinique, in the West Indies, Mount Pelee erupted and destroyed the town of?
Saint Pierre
45
Can Volcanoes change the climate of the planet
Yes
46
How can volcanoes change the climate of the planet?
Volcanic dust drifts high into the sky and spreads all over the planet. The dust filters the sun and the temperature drops. The planet becomes very cold.
47
Can you name some different types of volcanoes?
Shield volcano Cinder volcano Composite volcano
48
How does a shield volcano look like
It looks like a giant bowl
49
What is a cinder cone volcano
The lava is shot so high into the air that it cools into cinders
50
What are CINDERS?
Solidified lava
51
Where in the world can one find a CINDER CONE VOLCANO?
Mount Etna, Italy
52
Wher in the world can we find a SHIELD VOLCANO
Mauna Loa in Hawaii
53
What is a composite volcano?
These volcanoes are made up of layers of rock, ash and lava from many eruptions over the years.
54
Where in the world can we find a COMPOSITE VOLCANO
Mount Fuji in Japan
55
Name the highest mountain in Japan
Mount Fuji
56
Based on the activity of a volcano, they are divided into three types, name them?
Active volcanoes Dormant volcanoes Extinct Volcanoes
57
What is an ACTIVE VOLCANO?
A volcano that has recently erupted or one that could erupt soon
58
What is a DORMANT VOLCANO
A volcano that has not erupted for a long time but one that could erupt again
59
What is an EXTINCT VOLCANO
A volcano that has not erupted for thousands of years and is unlikely to erupt.
60
Half of the earth is covered by which ocean
Pacific Ocean
61
Most of the Tsunamis, Earthquakes and Volcanoes occur where on the planet
In the Pacific Ocean
62
All the earthquakes that occur in the Pacific Ocean, occur around a area called?
Ring of fire
63
What is a VOLCANIC ISLAND?
When underwater volcanoes grow up past the surface of the water they form volcanic islands
64
Give me two examples of VOLCANIC ISLAND
Japan phillipines Hawaii
65
What is the capital of Philippines
Manila
66
What is the capital of Japan
Tokyo
67
The largest underwater volcano in the world is
Mauna Loa in Hawaii
68
65 million years ago a large asteroid crashed off the coat of Mexico, in what is now the village of CHICXULUB. This event was known as the?
69
Scientists wonder if the DISASTER at CHIXCULUB caused the extinction of the dinosaurs, is this statement true
Yes
70
At the Yellowstone National Park, in the US, plumes of hot water shoot out of the ground high into the air. These are called?
Geysers
71
Some scientists call it THE BEAST OF YELLOWSTONE, what is the beast
A large volcano that lies under the park
72
A huge bowl shaped hole left behind after a volcano erupts is called?
Caldera
73
Scientists call this the SUPERVOLCANO, it erupted 75000 years ago, today a beautiful lake lies in its crater. Name this volcano?
Toba in Indonesia
74
What is the capital of the country Indonesia?
Jakarta
75
2000 years ago a Greek philosopher, Plato, wrote of a continent that disappeared. Name this continent?
Atlantis
76
The people who lived on Atlantis were known as
Minoans
77
Today scientists are almost sure that ATLANTIS was actually the Greek islands of......
Crete and Santorini
78
Name this device
Bullhorn
79
Name this device
Life detector
80
When does a mudslide usually occur
After rains or after a snowmelt
81
If it rains after a volcano has erupted, Lava and ash turn to mud. The mudslide that results is called?
Lahar
82
What is an avalanche?
It is a mixture of snow, ice rocks and dirt that comes down a mountain
83
The world's Avalanche record in the last ten years is held by which country
France
84
The most dangerous Avalanche are called
Slab Avalanche
85
How does a snowflake appear under a microscope
A star with six points
86
No two snowflakes are the same, is this true?
Yes
87
How does the LIFE DETECTOR work
As the victims tap, the LIFE DETECTOR senses from where the sound is coming from. Rescuers then try to reach the victims

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