Science C1 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What captures energy from sunlight during photosynthesis?
A green pigment called chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is essential for the photosynthetic process in plants.
What are the three essential components required for photosynthesis?
Water, carbon dioxide, and energy from sunlight
These components are necessary for the synthesis of glucose and oxygen.
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Water + carbon dioxide → glucose + oxygen
This equation summarizes the conversion of raw materials into products during photosynthesis.
What is the purpose of testing for oxygen in photosynthesis experiments?
To confirm the production of oxygen during photosynthesis
A glowing splint will relight, indicating the presence of oxygen.
Why is photosynthesis important for the ecosystem?
It provides chemical energy for other organisms and oxygen for the atmosphere
Photosynthesis plays a critical role in maintaining life on Earth.
Where is chlorophyll located in plant cells?
Inside chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis.
What do plants do with excess carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis?
They store them as starch
Starch is utilized when sunlight is not available.
What is the role of magnesium in plants?
It makes chlorophyll
A deficiency in magnesium leads to yellowing and stunted growth.
What is the function of nitrate for plants?
It contains nitrogen which converts carbohydrates to proteins
Without nitrate, plants may die and remain small.
What role does carbon play in plant nutrition?
It is part of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Plants convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates, which are essential for growth.
What happens to organic matter in low-oxygen environments like the ocean?
It cannot be decomposed and gets buried by sediment
Over time, this organic matter can transform into fossil fuels.
What is the process called when fossil fuels are burned?
Combustion
Combustion releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
What are greenhouse gases mentioned in the text?
Carbon dioxide and methane
These gases trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.
When did the first ice age occur?
2 billion years ago
This marked the beginning of Earth’s cycles of warm and cold periods.
What phenomenon is referred to as ‘snowball Earth’?
When the whole Earth was covered in ice and snow
This occurred during one of the cold periods in Earth’s history.
What was the impact of the asteroid collision around 470 million years ago?
It produced dust that reduced light and heat from the Sun, triggering an ice age
This event significantly altered Earth’s climate.
What was the consequence of the asteroid impact 67 million years ago?
It caused the extinction of about 75% of Earth’s species
This event is linked to the disruption of food chains due to reduced photosynthesis.
What are the effects of climate change mentioned in the text?
Extreme weather events, unpredictable rain, and rising sea levels
These effects are caused by global warming and glacier melting.
