Science Chapter 11 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Electromagnetic Force (EMF)
Force resulting from the interaction between electrically charged particles.
Electromagnet
A temporary magnet whose magnetic field is produced by an electrical current.
Electric Current
The flow of electric charge through a conductor.
Magnetic Field
A region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge where the force of magnetism acts.
Electron
A negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.
Nucleus
The central part of an atom containing protons and neutrons.
Energy Levels
The fixed amounts of energy that electrons in an atom can have.
Magnetism
A force that attracts or repels objects due to the movement of electric charge.
Electric Motor
A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Mechanical Energy
The sum of potential and kinetic energy used to perform work.
Coil
A series of loops of wire, often used in electromagnets or motors.
Loop
A closed path of electrical current in a circuit.
Charge
A property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electric or magnetic field.
Electromagnetism
The branch of physics that deals with the interaction between electricity and magnetism, where electric currents create magnetic fields and changing magnetic fields induce electric currents.
What happens when there is voltage but no current flow?
An electric field exists, but no magnetic field is produced. Voltage creates an electric field even when the circuit is off.
When is a magnetic field produced in an electrical circuit?
A magnetic field is produced only when electric charges flow as a current. Turning on a lamp allows current to flow, generating a magnetic field.
How is electric pressure (voltage) similar to water pressure?
Voltage is like water pressure in a hose. Even when the nozzle is off, pressure is present, just like voltage exists without current flow.
What principle explains how electric generators work?
A changing electric field produces a magnetic field, and a changing magnetic field creates an electric field. This principle is used in electric generators.
How can you induce a current in a conductor?
Move the conductor through a magnetic field. This movement induces a current in the conductor, generating electricity.
What happens when you move a magnet through a coil of wire?
A current is induced in the wire. The faster the magnet moves, the stronger the induced current.
Does static electricity create a magnetic field? Why or why not?
No, static electricity creates an electric field, but not a magnetic field. Magnetic fields require moving charges (current).
What happens when you rub a balloon on your hair?
The balloon gains electric charge and creates an electric field. It can attract hair, small paper bits, or even deflect water streams.
How do opposite and like charges interact?
Opposite charges (+ and -) attract, while like charges (+ and + or - and -) repel.
What causes lightning during a storm?
Charge buildup in clouds creates an electric field. When the field is strong enough, a discharge occurs, producing lightning.
