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Atmosphere structure and temperature > Science chapter 18 > Flashcards

Science chapter 18 Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

What is the most important gas in the atmospheric processes

A

Water vapor

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2
Q

What is the opposite change of state for condensation

A

Evaporation

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3
Q

What is the opposite change of state for freezing

A

Melting

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4
Q

What is the opposite state of change for Deposition

A

Sublimation

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5
Q

They heat absorbed or released during the change of state is called

A

Latient heat

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6
Q

True or false. Saturated warm air contains more water vapor than saturated cold air

A

True

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7
Q

What is the difference between humidity and relative humidity

A

humidity is the amount of water vapor in air and relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of water vapor in air to the maximum amount that could be in air at that temperature and pressure

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8
Q

What is the change in relative humidity when water vapor is added

A

It increases humidity

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9
Q

What is the change in relative humidity when air temperature decreases

A

It increases humidity

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10
Q

What is a change in relative humidity when water vapor is removed

A

It decreases humidity

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11
Q

What is the change in relative humidity when air temperature increases

A

It decreases humidity

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12
Q

when a parcel of air is cooled to the temperature at which it is saturated it has reached its

A

Dew point

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13
Q

What factor that a Hygrometer is used to measure

A

Relative humidity

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14
Q

A sling psychrometer works because the amount of cooling that occurs in the wet bulb is directly proportional to the _____ of the air

A

Dryness

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15
Q

What happens when the air that has reached its dew point is cooled

A

the air’s water vapor condenses as dew fog or clouds

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16
Q

When a parcel of air is allowed to expand, it

A

Cools

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17
Q

Why does a parcel of air expand as it rises through the atmosphere

A

atmospheric pressure decreases as you go up through the atmosphere

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18
Q

True or false. The rate of heating or cooling of saturated air is the dry Adiabatic rate

A

False

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19
Q

When a parcel of air reaches its dewpoint the process of ________ begins

A

condensation

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20
Q

What are the four mechanisms that can cause air to rise

A

Orographic lifting
Frontal wedging
Convergence
Localized convective lifting

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21
Q

What causes a rain shadow desert

A

air that is blown over a mountain is cooled, generating precipitation. the air loses much of it moisture. when the air goes down the other side of the mountain, it warms making precipitation even less likely

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22
Q

What is produced when two air masses collide

A

a front

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23
Q

True or false. Localize convective lifting produces thermals that lift birds to great heights

A

True

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24
Q

A parcel of air that is less dense than the surrounding air is _______ and will tend to rise

A

Unstable

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25
True or false. Unstable air tends to remain in its original position
False
26
What best describes a temperature inversion
air temperature increases with height
27
Clouds associated with lifting of _______ air often produce thunderstorms
unstable
28
For condensation to occur air must be
saturated
29
True or false. Above the ground tiny particles called condensation nuclei serve as surface for water vapor condensation
True
30
Cirrus
High white and thin clouds
31
Cumulus
Clouds that consist of rounded individual cloud masses
32
Stratus
Clouds that occur as sheets or layers that cover much or all of the sky
33
Coalescence
the process in which larger drops fall through clouds, collide and join together with smaller slower droplets
34
Trueor false. Clouds are classified based on form and height
True
35
The three types of ______ clouds are cirrus, cirrostratus and cirrocumulus
High
36
How can you tell from the name of a cloud if it is a middle range cloud
If it has a prefix alto in the name
37
Wat cloud types that have a low cloud
Stratus Stratocumulus Nimbostratus
38
Define fog
cloud with its base at or near the ground
39
True or false. Fog can be formed by cooling or by evaporation
true
40
What must happen for precipitation to form
Cloud droplets must grow in volume by roughly one million times
41
Formation of precipitation in cold clouds is called the _________ process
Bergeron
42
True or false. In warm clouds, raindrops form by the Bergeron process
False
43
Wat word describes water in the liquid state below 0c
Super-cooled
44
What form of precipitation is small particles of ice
Sleet
45
What form of precipitation is drops of water that fall from A cloud and have a diameter of at least 0.5mm
Rain
46
What form of precipitation is ice pellets with multiple layers
Hail
47
after a parcel of air rises past the condensation level, the rate of cooling decreases because of the releases of latent
heat
48
Any form of water that falls from a cloud to the ground is considered to be
Precipitation
49
The change of state from a solid to a liquid is called
Melting
50
The change of state from a liquid to a gas is called
Evaporation
51
The change of state from a gas to a liquid is called
Condensation
52
The change of state from a liquid to a solid is called
Freezing
53
The change of state from a solid to a gas is called
sublimation
54
The change of state from a gas to a solid is called
Deposition
55
Mid layered clouds that appear layered or flat are considered
Altostratus
56
Any mid layer cloud begins with a prefix
Alto
57
Low level clouds that produce consistent precipitation are considered
Nimbostratus
58
Tall clouds that are associated with lightning hail damaging winds and possible tornadoes are called
Cumulonimbus
59
The instrument used to measure relative humidity that uses two thermometers. one wet bulb and one dry bulb is called
Psychrometer
60
The temperature to which the air must be cooled for saturation to occur is
Dewpoint
61
When the air is saturated it's relative humidity is
100%
62
Hotter air can hold _______moisture than cooler air
More
63
Air that has reached it's maximum capacity to hold water vapor moisture is said to be
Saturated
64
The high are you are above sea level the ______ Air pressure is in there for the ______ temperature is
Lower, lower
65
When you expand a parcel of air with out adding heat the pressure inside ______ and therefore the temperature _______ because of _____ change in temperature
Drops, drops, Adiabatic
66
When you expand a parcel of air by adding heat the pressure inside _______ and therefore the temperature ______ because of _______ change in temperature
Rises, rises, Diabatic
67
If unstable air is forced to rise by the way of the convection explain what type of cloud would form and what type of weather would be associated with it
Cumulonimbus and thunderstorm

Atmosphere structure and temperature (4 decks)

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