science chapter 3 Flashcards
(30 cards)
the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied over a distance
work
forces that don’t make object move have no __________.
work
calculation for work
f l d
the rate at which work is done
power
calculation for power
p l t
any device that makes doing something easier
machine
the force originally applied before a machine changes it
input force
the product of the input force after being put into a machine
output force
the ratio of a machine’s output force produced to the input force applied
mechanical advantage
calculation for mechanical advantage
in l out
the mechanical advantage if no friction existed
ideal mechanical advantage
do work using only one movement
simple machines
a simple machine made up of a bar that pivots, or rotates, about a fixed point.
lever
the point about which a lever pivots
fulcrum
first class lever
soda tab
in(down) out(up)
—————————-
f
second class lever
wheelbarrow
in(up) out(up)
——————————
f
third class lever
tweezers
in(up) out(up)
—————————————-
f
calculation for mechanical advantage of levers
MA = input L / Output L
distinguishes different types of levers
fulcrum
an axle attached to the center of a wheel and both rotate together (like a screwdriver)
wheel and axle
calculation of ideal mechanical advantage of wheel and axle
radius wheel / radius axle
a flat, sloped surface (like a ramp)
inclined plane
Ideal Mechanical advantage of Inclined Planes
length / height
a sloped surface that moves
wedge
