Science Chapter 6.3-6.6

Question 0

Genetics

Answer 0

The study of biological inheritance patterns and variations in organisms

Question 1

Trait

Answer 1

Distinguishing characteristics that are inherited such as I color and or leaf shape

Question 2

Purebred

Answer 2

Inherit all of the parent organism characteristics

Question 3

Cross

Answer 3

The mating of two organisms

Question 4

Law of inheritance or segregation

Answer 4

Organisms inherit two copies of each gene one from each parent
Organisms donate only one copy of each gene in their gamete it’s bus the two copies of each gene segregate or separate during gamete formation

Question 5

Gene

Answer 5

Piece of DNA that provides a set of instructions to a cell to make a certain protein

Question 6

Allele

Answer 6

Is any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a specific locus

Question 7

Homozygous

Answer 7

Describes to the same alleles at a specific locus

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

Describes two different alleles at a specific locus

Question 9

Genome

Answer 9

Is all of an organism’s genetic material

Question 10

Genotype

Answer 10

typically refers to the genetic makeup of the specific set of genes

Question 11

Phenotype

Answer 11

Physical characteristics or traits of an individual organisms make up

Question 12

Dominant

Answer 12

Allele is that a Leo that is expressed went to different alleles or two Dominant alleles are present

Question 13

Recessive

Answer 13

Allele is the allele that is only expressed went to copies of present

Question 14

Punnett square

Answer 14

Is the grid system for predicting all possible genotypes of offspring

Question 15

Monohybrid crosses

Answer 15

Crosses that examine the inheritance of only one specific trait

Question 16

Test cross

Answer 16

Is a cross between an organism with an unknown genotype in an organism with the recessive phenotype

Question 17

Dihybrid crosses

Answer 17

Crosses that examine the inheritance of two different traits

Question 18

Law of independent assortment

Answer 18

States that a Leo pairs separate independently of each other during gameate formation

Question 19

Probability

Answer 19

Is the likelihood that a particular event will occur

Question 20

Crossing over

Answer 20

Is the exchange of chromosomes segments between homologous chromosomes during prophase one of meiosis 1

Question 21

Genetic linkage

Answer 21

Genes located close together tend to be inherited together