Science: Concept 1 - Interactions & Ecosystems Flashcards
(14 cards)
Species: Definition & Example
A group of plants or animals of the same kind. Capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. Example: Cat species.
Population: Definition & Example
The same kind of animals living in the same place. Example: Cat species living in your city; all cats in your city.
Community: Definition & Example
All the living things in one place altogether (plants and animals). Example: The cats, birds, flowers and trees in a park; together as a community.
5 basic needs of all living things.
Oxygen, water, food, energy and living conditions.
Definition and three types of symbiosis.
Interaction between two closely living organisms. Mutualism, parasitism, commensalism.
Definition and example of mutualism
A beneficial relationship between two organisms in symbiosis. Example: A bee and a flower.
Definition and example of parasitism.
A relationship between two organisms in symbiosis where one has benefits and the other is harmed. Example: A tick on a dog.
Definition and example of commensalism.
A relationship between two organisms in symbiosis where one has benefits and the other is not affected. Example: A barnacle on a whale.
Scavenger: Definition & Example.
A scavenger doesn’t hunt and finds dead animals or plants to eat. Example: Vultures.
Formula for photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight → glucose (sugar) + oxygen
Formula for cellular respiration.
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
Food chain vs Food web.
A food chain is a single line of who eats who. A food web shows many relationships, like many food chains because animals eat many things.
How is matter recycled in an ecosystem?
Matter is reused over and over again. The water cycle and carbon cycle are examples of matter recycling.
How is energy transferred in an ecosystem?
Sun → plants → animals → decomposers. Each time energy moves to the next level, some of it is as lost as heat. So the producers get the most energy while the predators get the least. About 10% is transferred to the next level.
