Science Final Exam - trimester 1

Question 1

characteristics of all living things

Answer 1

• organized
• grow and develop
• reproduce
• respond
• maintain internal conditions
• use energy

Question 2

a thing with all the characteristics of life

Answer 2

organism

Question 3

all living things are made up of at least one ___

Answer 3

cell

Question 4

the smallest unit of life

Answer 4

cell

Question 5

an organism made of only one cell is

Answer 5

unicellular

Question 6

an organism made of many cells is

Answer 6

multicellular

Question 7

changes that occur in an organism during its lifetime

Answer 7

development

Question 8

the process by which one organism makes one or more new organisms

Answer 8

reproduction

Question 9

a change in the environment that prompts a response

Answer 9

stimulus

Question 10

hunger and thirst are __ stimuli

Answer 10

internal

Question 11

light and temperature are __ stimuli

Answer 11

external

Question 12

ability to maintain steady internal conditions

Answer 12

homeostasis

Question 13

three ways that cells use energy

Answer 13

• transport substances
• make new cells
• perform chemical reactions

Question 14

the energy organisms use originally came from the

Answer 14

sun

Question 15

three things all plant cells have

Answer 15

• cell wall
• chloroplasts
• central vacuole

Question 16

stiff structure outside a plant cell membrane

Answer 16

cell wall

Question 17

organelle where photosynthesis takes place

Answer 17

chloroplast

Question 18

organelle where food, water and waste are stored

Answer 18

central vacuole

Question 19

flexible barrier outside all cells

Answer 19

cell membrane

Question 20

short, hairlike structures that help a cell move

Answer 20

cilia

Question 21

fluid that fills the cell

Answer 21

cytoplasm

Question 22

gives framework to a cell and helps it move

Answer 22

cytoskeleton

Question 23

organelle that contains DNA and controls the cell

Answer 23

nucleus

Question 24

where proteins are made

Answer 24

ribosome

Question 25

organelle that removes harmful substances

Answer 25

smooth ER

Question 26

organelle that releases energy

Answer 26

mitochondrion

Question 27

organelle that prepares proteins for their jobs

Answer 27

Golgi apparatus

Question 28

organelle that carries substances around the cell

Answer 28

vesicles

Question 29

organelle that breaks down and recycles cell parts

Answer 29

lysosomes

Question 30

movement of substances from an area of high concentration to lower concentration

Answer 30

diffusion

Question 31

transport proteins that carry large molecules across the membrane

Answer 31

carrier proteins

Question 32

when the concentration of a substance is the same in two areas

Answer 32

equilibrium

Question 33

when a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with its membrane

Answer 33

endocytosis

Question 34

diffusion of water

Answer 34

osmosis

Question 35

when molecules pass through a cell membrane through proteins

Answer 35

facilitated diffusion

Question 36

transport proteins that form pores through a cell membrane

Answer 36

channel proteins

Question 37

movement of substances through a cell membrane using energy

Answer 37

active transport

Question 38

proteins that help move molecules through a membrane

Answer 38

transport protein

Question 39

when a cell's vesicles release their contents outside the cell

Answer 39

exocytosis

Question 40

a cell membrane is __ because it only allows certain substances to cross

Answer 40

semipermeable

Question 41

movement of substances across a membrane without using any energy

Answer 41

passive transport

Question 42

cellular respiration converts __ to __

Answer 42

sugar energy to ATP

Question 43

organelle where cellular respiration takes place

Answer 43

cytoplasm and mitochondria

Question 44

during glycolysis, __ gets broken down

Answer 44

glucose

Question 45

three things produced during the second step of respiration

Answer 45

water, carbon dioxide, water

Question 46

what do plant cells use to produce glucose and oxygen

Answer 46

carbon dioxide and water

Question 47

what is reflected by a plant to make it look green

Answer 47

green light :)

Question 48

when an animal eats a plant, it takes in

Answer 48

food energy in the form of glucose

Question 49

what molecules are involved in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Answer 49

oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide, water

Question 50

two main phases of the cell cycle

Answer 50

interphase and mitotic

Question 51

phase of the cell cycle when chromatin is duplicated

Answer 51

interphase (specifically, the S phase)

Question 52

phase of the cell cycle when mitosis and cytokinesis occur

Answer 52

mitotic phase

Question 53

during mitosis, the __ divides

Answer 53

nucleus

Question 54

during cytokinesis, the __ divides

Answer 54

cytoplasm

Question 55

in a chromosome there are __

Answer 55

two sister chromatids

Question 56

at the end of the cell cycle, __ new daughter cells are produced and they are __ to each other

Answer 56

2, identical

Question 57

a __ organism reproduces using the cell cycle

Answer 57

unicellular

Question 58

why does a multicellular organism use the cell cycle?

Answer 58

- growth - development - repair damaged cells

Question 59

what are the three stages of interphase?

Answer 59

G1, S, G2

Question 60

what are the two stages of mitotic phase?

Answer 60

mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 61

what happens during the G1 phase?

Answer 61

growth and development

Question 62

what happens during the S phase?

Answer 62

DNA synthesis (copying)

Question 63

what happens during the G2 phase?

Answer 63

cells get ready for mitosis

Question 64

DNA in G1 is called

Answer 64

chromatin

Question 65

after DNA is duplicated, it looks like an __ shape and is called a __

Answer 65

X shape, chromosome