science final pt. 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
2 types of electricity
Static and current
2 classes of energy
kinetic and potential
electrochemical cell parts
2 electrodes, cathodes, anodes and electrolytes
what is an electrode
electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit
how does an electrochemical cell work (simple)
they convert chemical energy to electrical energy and are another source of electric energy
types of electrochemical cells
a dry cell, a wet cell
what does a dry celll consist of
a moist electrolyte
what does a wet cell consist of
a fluid electrolyte
electrical potential difference aka voltage
the amount of voltage energy per 1 coulomb of charge measured in V (volts)
how does an electrochemical cell work (in depth)
1.) chemical reactions occur sat each other’s electrodes surface, where it is in contact with an electrolyte solution
2.) The reaction causes the cathode to become positively charged by losing electrons
3.) the anode becomes negatively charges by gaining electrons
4.) the stored electrons in the anode experience repulsion and attract the cathode
electrical potential energy
is the energy stored in a battery due to the separation of charges.
what does a coulomb do
gains electrical potential energy when it passes through a source, such as a battery or an electrochemical cell.
difference between insulator and conductors
insulator is a material that does not allow electricity to flow through a type of material
a conductor is a material that does allow electricity to flow through
what is an electrical circuit
a complete pathway for electrons to flow through
4 main parts of an electrical circuit
a source, a switch, a conductor, a lead
what is current electricity
continuous flow of electrons
how is current measured in a circuit
with an ammeter
what is electric current
amount go charge passing a point in a conducting wire every second
conventional current
electricity flowing from + to -
open vs. closed circuit
open = electrons are present, but move in a random direction
closed= all electrons flow in a single direction
what is a short circuit and why is it dangerous
an electrical connection between current carrying part, it is dangerous because when there is no load, the current becomes too high then the resistance gets too low, then it becomes a free hazard
what is resistance how is it measured
resistance is the property go any material that slows down or hinders the flow of electrons, it is measured with a multimeter
how are current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit all related
The current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance, you can all use each other to find each other, using ohms law
ohm’s law calculations
V=IR
