Science- Immune Systen

Question 1

Pathogens

Answer 1

Disease causing substances or organisms

Question 2

Infectious disease

Answer 2

Sickness that can be passed on to others by: 
Direct contact
Indirect contact
Ingestion
Bites

Question 3

First line of defence

Answer 3

Skin- keeps pathogens from entering.
Sweat, oils, gastric juice kills pathogen.
Mucus + cilia keeps them out
All linings of internal body systems.

Question 4

Innate immune response

Answer 4

Quick general response.
Born with this.
Body will make more WBC in response to pathogen attack.
WBC go to area of infection + swallow pathogens causing inflammation.
Increase in WBC called phagocytes, - fight infection.

Question 5

Acquired immune response

Answer 5

Body can recognize cells as not being part of body or as foreign.
Specific attack on particular pathogen or antigen.

Question 6

Antigen

Answer 6

Any non-living substance foreign to body

Question 7

Acquired immune responses (methods)

Answer 7

B cells (antibodies)
Helper T cells
Killer T cells

Question 8

Vaccine

Answer 8

Weakened or dead form of pathogen.
(Needle or liquid)
Special version of antigen that gives u immunity against a disease
[tetanus- booster shot every 10 years]

Question 9

After vaccination…

Answer 9

Immune system makes antibodies that will recognize that antigen in the future and destroy faster.

Question 10

Some vaccines are given..? (#)

Answer 10

Twice (2)

Question 11

Grade 9. How many vaccines?

Answer 11

3

Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis

Question 12

Allergy

Answer 12

Immune system is sensitive + responds quickly + severely to a substance such as dust… Etc.
Unusually high sensitivity to some substance

Question 13

Histamine

Answer 13

Chemical that immune system releases to fight allergies which make your nose run, eyes water

Question 14

Antihistamine

Answer 14

Pills that help to reduce runny nose + watery eyes ( effects of histamine)

Question 15

Difference between pathogen and antigen

Answer 15

Pathogen- disease causing organism or substance.

Antigen- non-living particle or substance

Question 16

Organisms, such as bacteria, and substances, such as viruses, that cause disease are called___?

Answer 16

Pathogens

Question 17

___diseases can be passed to others

Answer 17

Infectious

Question 18

The ___system is the body’s defence system

Answer 18

Immune

Question 19

The immune systems ___ line of defence against infectious diseases includes the skin

Answer 19

First

Question 20

The immune systems ___ line of defence includes two types of immune response

Answer 20

Second

Question 21

___ are carried in the blood to fight infections in the body

Answer 21

WBC

Question 22

All living things are born with an ___ immune response

Answer 22

Innate

Question 23

Non-living substances that are foreign to the body and trigger an immune response are called___?

Answer 23

Antigens

Question 24

In The first process of an acquired immune response , B cells make substances called ___ that bind to antigens

Answer 24

Antibodies

Question 25

All acquired immune response help give you___?

Answer 25

Active immunity

Question 26

AIDS is caused by a dangerous pathogen called___ which attacks the ____

Answer 26

HIV | helper T cells

Question 27

Second line of defence

Answer 27

2 types of immune response. Innate immune response, acquired immune response.

Question 28

Inflammation

Answer 28

Swelling and redness

Question 29

Phagocytes

Answer 29

WBC. | Roam the body searching for invader cells and swallowing them.

Question 30

Active immunity

Answer 30

Body remembers which antibodies should be used to attack a pathogen that has infected it before.

Question 31

Allergen

Answer 31

Any substance that causes an allergic reaction

Question 32

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 32

Severe reaction. | Result in swelling, breathing difficulty, death.

Question 33

Adrenaline auto injector

Answer 33

One time use needles that inject adrenaline into your body to counter the allergic reaction

Question 34

AIDS

Answer 34

Infection of immune system that leads to various health complications + often death. Caused by HIV. No known cure

Question 35

HIV

Answer 35

``` Powerful pathogen (virus) that attacks immune system itself and can destroy it by infections helper T cells. Blood and semen (body fluids). ```

Question 36

Taking care of your immune system

Answer 36

``` Well balanced diet. Maintain personal hygiene. Keep home clean. Avoid drugs. Plenty of rest + exercise. Keep vaccinations up to date. Don't share body fluids. ```

Question 37

Immune system

Answer 37

Body's defence system. | Fights diseases + infections.

Question 38

Antibodies

Answer 38

Specific particles that immune system creates to destroy specific disease causing invaders