science lesson 8 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is energy?
The ability for someone or something to work.
What are the two main kinds of energy?
- Kinetic energy
- Potential energy
Define kinetic energy.
Energy in motion.
Define potential energy.
The energy that is stored to be used when needed.
What is gravitational energy?
The energy something has because of its height and weight.
What happens to gravitational energy when an object falls?
It turns into movement energy (kinetic energy).
What does the law of conservation of energy state?
Energy can never be created or destroyed, only transformed.
List different types of energy.
- Chemical
- Nuclear
- Sound
- Light
- Heat
- Electrical
- Mechanical
What is chemical energy?
The energy stored in substances like food, fuel, and batteries.
When is chemical energy released?
When a chemical reaction happens, like when food is digested or fuel burns.
What is nuclear energy?
A form of energy released from the nucleus, the core of atoms.
Define fossil fuels.
Natural fuels like coal, oil, and gas that come from ancient plants and animals.
What are oil reservoirs?
Underground pockets of rock that hold liquid oil.
What is coal made up of?
Dead plants that turn into carbon.
What is natural gas?
Gas made naturally from the earth (Methane).
What occurs during nuclear fusion?
When you split a nucleus into two, it creates an explosion.
Define renewable energy.
Energy that comes from sources that never run out.
What is hydropower?
Using water to create electricity.
What is hydroelectricity?
Using falling water to create electricity.
What is wind energy?
Using wind to turn something that creates electricity.
What is solar energy?
Energy from the sun.
What are solar thermal collectors designed to do?
Collect the sun’s heat.
What are solar cells?
Thin plates that turn heat into electricity.
What are biofuels?
Energy from growing living things.
