Science Midterm 2023

Question 1

What are natural resources? Give examples.

Answer 1

Natural resources are resources that are drawn from nature - water, trees, air

Question 2

What are renewable resources and nonrenewable resources? Give Examples

Answer 2

Renewable resources can be used again - trees
Nonrenewable resources can only be used once - fossil fuels

Question 3

How are rock and mineral resources formed?

Answer 3

Rocks are created through a geological process that transforms them into 3 types of rocks.

Question 4

What are some ways that we use fresh water?

Answer 4

Drinking, cleaning, and gardening.

Question 5

What are fossil fuels?

Answer 5

Natural resource that have taken million of years to form - coal, oil, & natural gas

Question 6

What is a meander?

Answer 6

Curve in a river; inside is erosional, outside is depositional

Question 7

What is wave erosion?

Answer 7

Caused by waves crash against the shore and erode away sand and minerals and rocks.

Question 8

What are some examples of wave erosion?

Answer 8

Sea cliffs, sea pillars, sea stacks, sea arches

Question 9

Describe the rock cycle.

Answer 9

Process where rocks are formed, changed, worn down, and formed again.

Question 10

What are the 3 types of rocks?

Answer 10

Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

Question 11

How are each rock formed?

Answer 11

Igneous- Molten liquid rock cools down and hardens
Sedimentary- Erosion or weathering, sediments are compacted and cemented.
Metamorphic- heat and pressure

Question 12

Steps in creating a sedimentary rock

Answer 12

Weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation

Question 13

Which type of rock will you find fossils?

Answer 13

Sedimentary

Question 14

What is erosion?

Answer 14

The process by which sediments are moved from one location to another by wind or water

Question 15

What is weathering?

Answer 15

The physical or chemical breaks down of rocks and minerals into smaller pieces.

Question 16

What is the ring of fire?

Answer 16

The subduction zone, when the plates go under each other, that contains the most active volcanoes

Question 17

Explain Continental Drift Theory.

Answer 17

That the continents were once connected or one large continent called pangea and they drifted apart. They didn’t believe him because he was not a geologist.

Question 18

Explain the Theory of Plate Tectonics.

Answer 18

The earth’s crust is made up of individual plates, and that these plates move gradually in relation to each other.

Question 19

Who is Alfred Wegener?

Answer 19

Scientist who proposed the continental drift theory, and was a meteorologist.

Question 20

Describe the age of the crust near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

Answer 20

The crust near this is young, the closer the crust is to the ridge the younger it is.

Question 21

How did sonar help scientists?

Answer 21

By helping them to discover the seafloor was not flat and that the seafloor was spreading.

Question 22

What is a delta?

Answer 22

Fan spayed mass of mud and other sediment due to the deposit and deposition of sediments. Located at the mouth of a river.

Question 23

What is a glacier?

Answer 23

Large sheet of ice or snow that moves slowly over earth’s surface.

Question 24

What is Pangaea?

Answer 24

Super continent that incorporates all the landmasses.

Question 25

What are convergent boundaries?

Answer 25

When two plates push towards each other, this is when subduction happens.

Question 26

What are divergent boundaries?

Answer 26

When two plates move away from each other and that is where the mid - Atlantic ridge is.

Question 27

What are transform boundaries?

Answer 27

Tectonic plate boundaries that move opposite of each other or slide past each other.

Question 28

New crust forms at what type of boundary?

Answer 28

Divergent

Question 29

What type of boundary do earthquakes occur?

Answer 29

Transform

Question 30

What is an earthquake?

Answer 30

A sudden shaking of the ground caused by the movement of rock underground.

Question 31

How do fossils help prove the theory of plate tectonics?

Answer 31

Fossils of the same species are found on different continents that are oceans apart. They also found that the coastlines match up like a puzzle.

Question 32

How were the Hawaiian islands created?

Answer 32

Hot spots

Question 33

What is a set of observations about physical processes that have shaped the earth in the past?

Answer 33

Plate Tectonics

Question 34

How are fossil fuels formed?

Answer 34

They form over millions of years from the remains of plants and animals.

Question 35

Are depositional land forms created by erosion?

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

The Hawaiian islands were created when two plates collided.

Answer 36

Yes