Science Nutrients Study guide Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are Nutrients?
Nutrients are substances in foods that your body needs for energy, growth, and repair.
What are the six types of Nutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
What are the three most important Nutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
What are calories?
They are a unit of measurement. They measure how much energy food will give you.
What are carbohydrates?
They are the body’s 1st choice for fuel (energy).
How many types of carbohydrates are there? Name them all.
There are 3 types of carbohydrates. Simple, complex, and fiber.
What is a simple carbohydrate?
It is sugars that give your body quick energy but lasts a short time. Ex: fruits, honey, syrup, agave.
What is a complex carbohydrate?
It is starch that needs to be broken down into sugar.
It gives you energy for a long time . Ex: bread, rice, pasta, cereal, and oats.
What is fiber?
Fiber helps you go to the bathroom. Ex: Fruits, cereals, and whole grains.
What are proteins?
They are needed to build and repair tissues and they are broken down into amino acids.
How many types of proteins are there? Name them.
There are 2 types. Incomplete proteins and complete proteins.
What are complete proteins and incomplete proteins?
Complete proteins contain all 9 animo acids. Incomplete proteins don’t have all 9 animo acids.
What are fats?
Fats are needed for three reasons. Energy, protection for internal organs, and to keep your body warm.
What are vitamins?
They are chemicals that have been made by living organisms.
What do vitamins do?
They help in many different body processes, they are needed in small amounts to regulate chemical reactions, and help our bodies use energy from foods.
Do vitamins all have the same job?
No. Each vitamin has a specific job and can not be replaced by another vitamin.
What are minerals?
Ex: Calcium helps build bone and teeth.
Minerals come from the earth. Like vitamins, they promote chemical reactions and form body structures.
What is water?
It is a part of every cell and tissue in the body. It carries nutrients to cells and removes waste products. It also regulates body temperature.
How much does water make up of our body weight?
It makes up 55-75% of body weight.
