science revision

Question 1

What is a wave?

Answer 1

A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space.

Question 2

True or False: Waves can travel through solids, liquids, and gases.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the two main types of waves?

Answer 3

Mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The highest point of a wave is called the ______.

Answer 4

crest

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The lowest point of a wave is called the ______.

Answer 5

trough

Question 6

What is the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs called?

Answer 6

Wavelength

Question 7

What is frequency?

Answer 7

Frequency is the number of waves that pass a point in one second.

Question 8

True or False: The unit of frequency is Hertz (Hz).

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is amplitude?

Answer 9

Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a wave from its rest position.

Question 10

What type of wave requires a medium to travel?

Answer 10

Mechanical wave

Question 11

True or False: Sound waves are an example of electromagnetic waves.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature?

Answer 12

Approximately 343 meters per second.

Question 13

What are the two types of mechanical waves?

Answer 13

Transverse waves and longitudinal waves.

Question 14

In a transverse wave, the oscillation is ______ to the direction of wave travel.

Answer 14

perpendicular

Question 15

In a longitudinal wave, the oscillation is ______ to the direction of wave travel.

Answer 15

parallel

Question 16

What is an example of a transverse wave?

Answer 16

Light waves or waves on a string.

Question 17

What is an example of a longitudinal wave?

Answer 17

Sound waves.

Question 18

What does it mean when a wave is reflected?

Answer 18

It means the wave bounces back after hitting a barrier.

Question 19

What happens to waves when they encounter a medium change?

Answer 19

They can be refracted, reflected, or absorbed.

Question 20

What is refraction?

Answer 20

Refraction is the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately ______.

Answer 21

299,792 kilometers per second.

Question 22

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency?

Answer 22

They are inversely related; as one increases, the other decreases.

Question 23

What is a wave’s period?

Answer 23

The time it takes for one complete wave cycle to pass a point.

Question 24

True or False: Higher amplitude waves carry more energy.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What type of wave is produced by earthquakes?

Answer 25

Seismic waves.

Question 26

What is constructive interference?

Answer 26

When two waves meet and combine to make a larger wave.

Question 27

What is destructive interference?

Answer 27

When two waves meet and cancel each other out.

Question 28

What is a standing wave?

Answer 28

A wave that remains in a constant position, formed by the interference of two waves traveling in opposite directions.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The Doppler effect describes the change in ______ of a wave in relation to an observer.

Answer 29

frequency

Question 30

What happens to sound waves as the source moves away from an observer?

Answer 30

The frequency decreases, causing a lower pitch.

Question 31

What is a wavefront?

Answer 31

A line that connects all the points of a wave that are in phase.

Question 32

What are surface waves?

Answer 32

Waves that travel along the interface between two different mediums, such as water waves.