science term 1 Flashcards
(51 cards)
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA is stored in the form of
Chromosones
Chromosomes are tightly coiled DNA molecule and located in the
nucleus of the cell
how many pairs of Chromosomes do human cells normally have
23
or 46 chromosomes
the 23rd pair of chromosomes are the
sex chromones
XX chromosomes are
Female
XY chromosomes are
male
how many bases are there are in DNA
4
adenine and thymine
cytosine and Guanine
What letters are used to represent the bases
Adenine or a
thymine or t
guanine with g
cytosine with c
what is a sequence of DNA basses called
Gene
What is the shape of DNA
A double helix
DNA is made up of 4
nucleotides arranged in a repeating fashion
each nucleotide is made up of
phosphate, sugar, nitrogenous base which is:
“cytosine, guanine, Thymine or adenine”
for image go to
https://knowt.com/note/3bd3a38c-99a3-4741-8039-82ffc1c4ea1b/Untitled?isNew=true
which bases pair together
Adenine and thymine
guanine and cytosine
there are (xxxx) bonds holding nitrogenis bonds together
hydrogen bonds
how many hydrogen bonds are in the base pairs
A (Adenine) - T (Thymine) - 2 hydrogen bonds
G (Guanine) - C (Cytosine) - 3 hydrogen bonds
where in the cell are chromosomes located
nuculeus
what forms the backbone of DNA.
phosphate and sugar
diploid
cells that have 2 copies of each chromosone
haploid
gametes that have only 1 copy of each chromosone
how many chromosomes would the body cells produce by the fusing of the egg and sperm in total
46 in total
how many pairs of chromosones would the body cells produce by fusing of the egg and sperm have?
23 pairs
what does karyotype mean
the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in a cells nucleus.
genes
A section of DNA containing the instruction to make a particular protein