science test 3/22

Question 1

keplers law of planetary motion

Answer 1

a statellite orbits a primary in an eliptical path. The primary is located at a focus point of the ellipse

Question 2

Closet

Answer 2

• perigee
  -periphelion
  -jan 3rd= largest apparent diameter of the sun

Question 3

farthest

Answer 3

-apogee or aphelion
-july 3rd
- smallest apparent diameter of the sun

Question 4

eccentricity

Answer 4

a number wich shows the shape (not size) of an orbit

Question 5

Low eccetricity

Answer 5

-more circular
-smaller change in velocity + apparent diameter

Question 6

High eccentricty

Answer 6

• more elliptical
  -bigger change in orbital velocity + apparent diameter of sun

Question 7

gravity depends on any two factors

Answer 7

G= m1-m2/ d2

Question 7

gravity

Answer 7

the force of attraction between any two objects

Question 8

mass of each object=

Answer 8

more mass, stronger gravity
ex- double the mass–> gravity is 2x stronger

Question 9

Inverse square law

Answer 9

objects move 2x closer –> gravity is 4x stronger

Question 10

moving farther apart

Answer 10

become weaker

Question 11

Foucault’s pendulum

Answer 11

the direction of swing of a pendum will appear to change as earth rotates underneath it

Question 12

Coriolis effect

Answer 12

moving objects will bend their path as earth rotates underneath
northern hemisphere- to the right
southern hemisphere- to the left

Question 13

mercury

Answer 13

smaler

Question 14

venus

Answer 14

more dense

Question 15

earth + mars

Answer 15

shorter period of revolution(faster orbit)

Question 16

jupiter

Answer 16

larger

Question 17

saturn

Answer 17

less dense

Question 18

uranus + neptune

Answer 18

longer period of revolution ( slower orbit)

Question 19

period of revolution

Answer 19

time for one orbit = yeat

Question 20

period of rotation

Answer 20

time for one spin= day

Question 21

phases of the moon are not caused by

Answer 21

Earths shadow on the moon

Question 22

phases of the moon are cause by

Answer 22

1- half the moon is always illuminated( by the sun)
2- as moon orbits earth ( revolves) we see different parts of the illuminated half
3- same side of moon always faces earth

Question 23

moons rotation

Answer 23

revolution

Question 24

right side visible

Answer 24

apporaching full moon

Question 25

left side visible

Answer 25

after full moon

Question 26

date of easter

Answer 26

first Sunday after the first full moon after the vernal eqinox

Question 27

blue moon

Answer 27

2nd full moon in one calander month

Question 28

earthshine

Answer 28

reflected sunlight from earth to moons " darkside"t

Question 29

tides

Answer 29

caused by gravitational pull of mostly moon, but also the sun

Question 30

biggest change

Answer 30

range of tides when they line up

Question 31

big bang theory

Answer 31

13.7 million years ago all matter in the universe exploded from one spot evidence- cosmic background radiation

Question 32

our expanding universe

Answer 32

all stars, galaxies are moving apart

Question 33

low pitch

Answer 33

long wavelength

Question 34

high pitch

Answer 34

short wavelength

Question 35

sound approaching

Answer 35

higher pitch

Question 36

sound moving away

Answer 36

lower pitch

Question 37

the red shift

Answer 37

longer wavelengths moving away ( receding)

Question 38

if they were moving closer

Answer 38

blue shift

Question 39

stellar revolution

Answer 39

2 paths depends on mass of original star

Question 40

energy for stars

Answer 40

nuclear fusion

Question 41

star trials

Answer 41

exposure photograph of stars