Science test chemistry part 2

Question 1

What is the difference between a group and a period?

Answer 1

-Group: vertical on the periodic table, elements with similar chemical properties

-Period: horizontal on the periodic table, same amount of electron shells, elements with different chemical properties

Question 2

What are valence electrons?

Answer 2

The number of valence electrons is equal to the atom’s main group number

Question 3

Properties of alkali metals are…

Answer 3

high thermal and electrical conductivity, lustre, ductility, and malleability

Question 4

Properties of Alkaline Earth metals are…

Answer 4

low densities, melting points and boiling points,

Question 5

Properties of Halogens are…

Answer 5

low melting and boiling points, and are sparingly soluble in water

Question 6

Properties of Noble gases are…

Answer 6

colorless, odorless, tasteless, and non-flammable under standard conditions

Question 7

Why are alkali metals more reactive than alkaline earth metals?

Answer 7

alkali metals have just one valence electron and this makes atoms more reactive

Question 8

What is the difference between metals, non-metals, and metalloid in terms of properties?

Answer 8

metals are good at conducting energy, non-metals aren’t, and metalloids in the middle of that, not as good as conducting as metal but better than non-metal

Question 9

How do you know which is the atomic mass and which is the atomic number?

Answer 9

The atomic number is in the left top corner of an element, and the atomic mass in the bottom of element, sometimes with decimals.

Question 10

What did democritus do?

Answer 10

developer of atomic theory of the universe

Question 11

What did dalton do?

Answer 11

introducing the atomic theory into chemistry

Question 12

What did Tompson do?

Answer 12

discovered the electron

Question 13

What did Rutherford do?

Answer 13

discovered alpha and beta rays

Question 14

What did Chadwick do?

Answer 14

discovered the neutron

Question 15

What did Bohr do?

Answer 15

made the model of an atom

Question 16

which has smallest mass? proton, neutron, electron?

Answer 16

electron

Question 17

which is uncharged? proton, neutron, electron?

Answer 17

neutron

Question 18

which is found outside the nucleus? proton, neutron, electron?

Answer 18

electrons

Question 19

which two have almost the same mass? proton, neutron, electron?

Answer 19

protons and neutrons

Question 20

what is an isotope?

Answer 20

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 21

what is an ion?

Answer 21

an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

Question 22

what is an element?

Answer 22

a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance

Question 23

what is the difference between cation and anion?

Answer 23

Anion- negatively charged, non-metals
Cation- positively charged, metals

Question 24

which elements form ionic compounds?

Answer 24

elements that are metals and elements that are nonmetals
[example: calcium (Ca) and Chlorine (Cl)]

Question 25

which elements form molecular compounds?

Answer 25

two or more nonmetal atoms [example: Hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O)]

Question 26

which elements are metals? which are non-metals?

Answer 26

Metals: Lithium, Beryllium, Sodium, magnesium, Aluminum, Potassium, and calcium Non-Metals: Hydrogen, Helium, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Phosphorous, Sulphur, Chlorine, and Argon

Question 27

what is an atom?

Answer 27

The smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically

Question 28

which elements are metalloids?

Answer 28

boron, silicon

Question 29

What are the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids?

Answer 29

Metals: Most metals have a shiny metallic luster and reflective surface. Nonmetals: Nonmetals are generally dull or nonreflective and do not have a metallic luster. Metalloids: Metalloids can have a metallic or nonmetallic appearance, depending on the element

Question 30

What are the names of Groups1, 2, 17 ,and18

Answer 30

Group 1: The Alkali Metals. Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals. Group 17: The Halogens. Group 18: The Noble Gases.

Question 31

What are the different models of atoms?

Answer 31

Billiard Ballmodel, Plum Pudding model, Planetary model, Bohr-Rutherford model

Question 32

How does an isotope differ from a neutral atom?

Answer 32

Neutral atoms have the same number of electrons and protons. Atoms of an element that contain different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes.

Question 33

How many valence electrons are there in Groups1,2,13,14,15,16,17,18?

Answer 33

Group 1: 1 Group 2: 2 Group 13: 3 Group 14: 4 Group 18: 8

Question 34

What is the difference between an ionic and covalent bond?

Answer 34

Covalent bonds share electrons and ionic bonds donate electrons

Question 35

How do you name ionic compounds?

Answer 35

with the cation first and the anion last