science unit 3

Question 1

In series

Answer 1

If components in a circuit are on the same loop.

Question 2

Field

Answer 2

The area where other objects feel an electrostatic force.

Question 3

Current:

Answer 3

Flow of electric charge, in amperes (A).

Question 4

In parallel

Answer 4

If some components are on separate loops.

Question 5

Electromagnet

Answer 5

A non-permanent magnet turned on and off by controlling the current
through it

Question 6

Electrons

Answer 6

Tiny particles which are part of atoms and carry a negative charge.

Question 7

Charged up

Answer 7

When materials are rubbed together, electrons move from one surface to
the other

Question 8

Negatively charged

Answer 8

An object that has gained electrons as a result of the charging process.

Question 9

Electrostatic force

Answer 9

Non-contact force between two charged objects.

Question 10

Positively charged

Answer 10

An object that has lost electrons as a result of the charging process.

Question 11

The amount of energy shifted from the battery to the moving charge, or
from the charge to circuit components, in volts (V).

Answer 11

Potential difference

voltage

Question 12

A property of a component, making it difficult for charge to pass through,
in ohms (Ω).

Answer 12

Resistance

Question 13

A material that allows current to flow through it easily, and has a low
resistance.

Answer 13

Electrical conductor

Question 14

A material that does not allow current to flow easily, and has a high
resistance.

Answer 14

Electrical insulator

Question 15

Resistance (Ω) = potential difference (V) ÷ current (A).

Answer 15

Resistance equation

Question 16

A device for measuring potential difference (Voltage).

Answer 16

Voltmeter

Question 17

A device for measuring current.

Answer 17

Ammeter

Question 18

This relates the resistance of a component to its voltage and current.

Answer 18

Ohm’s law

Question 19

Shows how food chains in an ecosystem are linked.

Answer 19

Food web

Question 20

Part of a food web, starting with a producer, ending with a top predator.

Answer 20

Food chain

Question 21

Ecosystem

Answer 21

The living things in a given area and their non-living environment.

Question 22

Environment:

Answer 22

The surrounding air, water and soil where an organism lives.

Question 23

Population

Answer 23

Group of the same species living in an area.

Question 24

Producer

Answer 24

Green plant or algae that makes its own food using sunlight

Question 25

Consumer

Answer 25

An animal that eats other animals or plants.

Question 26

Decomposer

Answer 26

An organism that breaks down dead plant and animal material so nutrients can be recycled back to the soil or water.

Question 27

Competition

Answer 27

When two or more living things struggle against each other to get the same resource.

Question 28

Evolution

Answer 28

Theory that the animal and plant species living today descended from species that existed in the past.

Question 29

Biodiversity

Answer 29

The variety of living things. It is measured as the differences between individuals of the same species, or the number of different species in an ecosystem.

Question 30

Natural selection

Answer 30

Process by which species change over time in response to | environmental changes and competition for resources.

Question 31

When no more individuals of a species remain

Answer 31

Extinct

Question 32

What all substances are made up of, and which contain only one type of atom.

Answer 32

Elements

Question 33

A substance, normally a liquid, that dissolves another substance

Answer 33

Solvent

Question 34

A substance that can dissolve in a liquid.

Answer 34

Solute

Question 35

Mixture formed when a solvent dissolves a solute.

Answer 35

Solution

Question 36

Capable of dissolving in a liquid

Answer 36

Soluble

Question 37

Maximum mass of solute that dissolves in a certain volume of solvent.

Answer 37

Solubility

Question 38

Single type of material with nothing mixed in.

Answer 38

Pure substance

Question 39

Two or more pure substances mixed together, whose properties are different to the individual substances

Answer 39

Mixture

Question 40

Separating substances using a filter to produce a filtrate (solution) and residue.

Answer 40

Filtration

Question 41

Distillation

Answer 41

Separating substances by boiling and condensing liquids.

Question 42

Evaporation

Answer 42

A way to separate a solid dissolved in a liquid by the liquid turning into a gas

Question 43

Chromatography

Answer 43

Used to separate different coloured substances

Question 44

Weight

Answer 44

The force of gravity on an object. Measured in Newtons (N).

Question 45

Non-contact force

Answer 45

One that acts without direct contact.

Question 46

Mass

Answer 46

The amount of stuff in an object (kg)

Question 47

Gravitational field strength

Answer 47

The force from gravity on 1 kg (N/kg).

Question 48

Gravitational Field

Answer 48

The area where other objects feel a gravitational force.

Question 49

The Universe

Answer 49

The totality of existence, including planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, and all matter and energy.

Question 50

The solar system

Answer 50

Contains the Sun and its planets.