SCIENCE - WEEK 1

Question 1

3rd planet from the sun

Answer 1

Earth

Question 2

radius of Earth

Answer 2

3959 miles / 6,371 km

Question 3

5th largest planet in the Solar System

Answer 3

Earth

Question 4

only planet known to have liquidwater on its surface

Answer 4

Earth

Question 5

not named after a Roman deity, instead named “earth” which is Germanic for:

Answer 5

ground

Question 6

time it takes the Earth to revolve around the sun

Answer 6

365.25 days

Question 7

Earth’s distance from the Sun

Answer 7

93 million miles

Question 8

time it takes the Earth to rotate in it’s axis

Answer 8

23.9 hours

Question 9

• composed of the crust and the upper mantle
• rigid and breaks under stress
• broken into large and small tectonic plates

Answer 9

lithosphere

Question 10

outermost layer of the Earth

Answer 10

crust

Question 11

two types of crusts

Answer 11

continental crust and oceanic crust

Question 12

thickness of CONTINENTAL crust

Answer 12

40-70 km

Question 13

composition of CONTINENTAL crust

Answer 13

granitic rock, aluminum silicates

Question 14

thickness of OCEANIC crust

Answer 14

7-10 km

Question 15

composition of OCEANIC crust

Answer 15

basaltic rocks, magnesium silicates

Question 16

semisolid, rocky, and very hot layer below the crust, the thickest layer

Answer 16

mantle

Question 17

thickness of the mantle

Answer 17

2900 km

Question 18

composition of the mantle

Answer 18

ferromagnesium silicates

Question 19

temp. of upper mantle

Answer 19

900 C

Question 20

temp. of lower mantle

Answer 20

1000 C - 3700 C

Question 21

contains hot, molten rocks or magma

Answer 21

asthenosphere

Question 22

can deform & reshape as a result of the hot, molten mantle, which circulates as convection current.

Answer 22

asthenosphere

Question 23

rising, cooling, and sinking of magma, generates earthquakes

Answer 23

convection current

Question 24

only liquid layer of the Earth

Answer 24

outer core

Question 25

composition of the outer core

Answer 25

liquid nickel and iron

Question 26

temp of the outer core

Answer 26

3700 C - 4300 C

Question 27

thickness of outer core

Answer 27

2270 km

Question 28

solid iron

Answer 28

inner core

Question 29

temp of inner core

Answer 29

6000 C

Question 30

thickness of inner core

Answer 30

1220 km

Question 31

boundary between crust and upper mantle

Answer 31

Mohorovicic Discontinuity

Question 32

boundary between lower mantle and outer core

Answer 32

Gutenberg Discontinuity

Question 33

boundary between outer core and inner core

Answer 33

Lehmann Discontinuity

Question 34

waves inside earth

Answer 34

body waves

Question 35

waves that can pass through solid, liquid, and gas

Answer 35

primary waves

Question 36

cannot pass through liquid waves

Answer 36

secondary waves

Question 37

comes from the Greek word "tekton" meaning builder

Answer 37

plate tectonics

Question 38

are massive, irregular slab of solid rocks that envelop the surface of the Earth.

Answer 38

plate tectonics

Question 39

explains the structure of Earth's crust due to many phenomena

Answer 39

Plate Tectonic Theory

Question 40

author of the Plate Tectonic Theory

Answer 40

Abraham Ortelius

Question 41

author of the Continental Drift Theory

Answer 41

Alfred Wegener

Question 42

80% of earthquakes occur along the boundary of this plate

Answer 42

Pacific Plate

Question 43

country located above the Mid-Atlantic Range

Answer 43

Iceland

Question 44

volcanic island but not located on plate boundary, instead uses hotspots

Answer 44

Hawaii

Question 45

destructive plate boundary

Answer 45

Convergent Plate Boundary

Question 46

the third basic type of landforms that rise high above the surrounding land, forms when two continental plates collide

Answer 46

Mountains

Question 47

are formed when the crust is pushed up by forces from Earth’s interior

Answer 47

Upwarded Mountain

Question 47

with folded rock layers looking like a rag that has been pushed up

Answer 47

Folded Mountain

Question 48

are made of big blocks of rocks that are tilted and separated from surrounding rocks by faults

Answer 48

Fault-Block Mountain

Question 49

What are the 7 primary plates?

Answer 49

Eurasian Plate African Plate Australian Plate Antarctic Plate South American Plate North American Plate Pacific Plate

Question 50

What are the 8 secondary plates?

Answer 50

Indian Plate Arabian Plate Scotia Plate Caribbean Plate Cocos Plate Nazca Plate Juan de Fuca Plate Philippine Plate

Question 51

What theory says that earth is linked to a grape that contracted into raisin due to a cooling process that occured after the bigbang, by Eduard Suess, and Australian geologist?

Answer 51

Raisin Theory or Contraction Theory

Question 52

author of "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum"

Answer 52

Abraham Ortelius

Question 53

author of "The Origins of Continents and Oceans"

Answer 53

Alfred Wegener