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Grade 7 > Science Year End > Flashcards

Science Year End Flashcards

1
Q

Cleavage

A

If a mineral splits evenly into two smooth surface this can be called cleavage

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2
Q

oceanic (deep ocean) zone

A

is where very little light penetrates, so no plants grow there. food for organisms living in this zone comes from the zones above, usually in the form of waste

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3
Q

The 6 properties to identify a rock?

A

Color (self explanatory)
Lustre
Streak
Cleavage
Fracture
Hardness (self explanatory)

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4
Q

Fracture

A

Mineral breakage with rough and uneven surfaces

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5
Q

salinity

A

Most substances that are found dissolved in water are salts. The most common salt is sodium chloride (table salt). The total amount of all salts found in water is called salinity.

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6
Q

Describe the interactions in ecosystems

Unit A

A

Bioinvasion - when a species is introduced to a new location
Competition - when living things fight for their basic needs
Predation - when animals hunt other animals for food
Weather/Climate - the amount of rain can greatly affect a plants growth, as well as excessive amounts of water like storms or even lacks of water like drought

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7
Q

what happens when waves near the shoreline

A

Near the shore the water becomes shallower, and the lower part of the wave drags on the bottom of the ocean or lake which slows the wave down and causes the top to rise up and break crashing into shore

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8
Q

what is the formula for speed?

Unit 8D

A

Distance over time

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9
Q

Water Testing Criteria

A
  • Taste and odour
  • Turbidity (cloudiness) and colour
    • Toxic substances and other pollutants
    • Bacteria
    • Hardness or mineral content
    • pH (how acidic or basic the water is)
    • Dissolved oxygen level
    • Suspended solids (including those floating)
    • Dissolved solids
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10
Q

Force

Unit 7D

A

Is a push or pull that tends to cause an object to change its movement or shape.

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11
Q

What are the three kinds of population changes

A

seasonal, short-term and long-term

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12
Q

Epicenter

Unit 7E

A

-The epicenter is the point on the surface directly above the focus.
-Locating the epicenter can help provide relief to those around it.

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13
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Osmosis is the movement of water across the cell membrane

When water moves through a cell from high conc. to low conc.

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14
Q

where is heat lost

A

through the roof, windows, doors or walls of a home, it is causing waste.

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15
Q

Streak

A

-Color of the powder that the rock leaves behind when you rub it across a rough surface

-Usually used on unglazed ceramic tile.

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16
Q

What is the difference between species, population, and community?

A

Community - Animal and Plant populations that live and interact with eachiother
Population - A number of organisms of the same species
Species - A group of organisms that have the same shape and structures

There is more diversity near the Equator due to the heat

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17
Q

Biological weathering

A

Wearing away (physical tiring) of rocks by living things.

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18
Q

Volcano

Unit C

A

A volcano is an opening in earth’s crust through which solid and molten rock, ash and gases escape.

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19
Q

Economic Costs

A

the cost in dollars of using fossil fuels.

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20
Q

what are pores

A

pores that allow substances to enter and exit the cell

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21
Q

Focus

A

Is the first place that the rocks break below the surface during an earthquake

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22
Q

watershed

A

(also called a drainage basin) is a region of interconnected rivers and streams that drains into one main lake or river.

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23
Q

why are cars VERY inefficient

A

only 15% of energy is being used

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24
Q

define Work

A

done when a force acts on an object to make the object move

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25
Q

Weathering

Unit 7E

A

Refers to the mechanical and chemical process that breaks down rocks by means of water, glacial ice, wind or waves.

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26
Q

What did Carolus Linnaeus do?

Unit A

A

He developed a naming system for organisms and for classifying them (to distinguish them from similar looking species)

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27
Q

Symmetry

A

Is the balanced arrangement of mass on opposite sides of a line or plane, or around a centre or axis.

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28
Q

what are the 5 main minerals plants need?

A

nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, and magnesium

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29
Q

what happens if a plant receives too much water

A

Fill holes in the soil so plants can’t grow
Dissolve salts in the soil

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30
Q

Joints that rely on Bonding

A

glue, tape, cement, welds-2 surfaces harden together into 1 solid mass

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31
Q

what is the Formula for work

A

Work = Force x Distance (W = F x d)

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32
Q

Identify the different components of a seed plant as well as their functions

A

Flower - has male and female parts for reproduction
Stems - provide pathway for movement of water
Seeds - contain an embryo that will form a new plant
Leaves - produce food for the plant through photosynthesis
Cones - just like seeds but for evergreens
Roots - absorb water and nutrients as well as anchors the plant

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33
Q

Define Adaptations

A

How organisms respond to their environment.

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34
Q

what are nitrogen oxides.

A

happens when we burn fossil fuels in engines produces harmful chemicals that pollute the air.

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35
Q

what is biological diversity?

A

Refers to all living things on Earth being different

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36
Q

Genetic Engineering

A

single genes are added to a plant cell. Can come from different living things

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37
Q

Intertidal zone

A

is the shoreline of an ocean

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38
Q

Why is it good to have variability in a species?

A

So that if one organism/virus starts killing a species, it wouldn’t be able to wipe it out.
(If the environment were to change, the species having the greatest variability has the highest chance to survive.)

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39
Q

what is a Complex Machine

A

are made from combinations of two or more simple machines.

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40
Q

percentage of water unusable by humans

A

99.7%

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41
Q

Crust

A

-Is the layer that covers the surface of Earth
-All living things are found on the crust
-Has an average thickness of 50 km but under the ocean it can be as thin as 10km

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42
Q

what are the movements of waves

A

are changes in patterns that move along the waters surface
The water itself does not move very far but waves can move thousands of km’s across the surface of the ocean

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43
Q

lowest/deep zone

A

is where no light penetrates, so not plants grow there. food for organisms living in this comes from th zones above, in the form of waste

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44
Q

water quality is measured by

A

by the types of substances that are found in it; including living organisms, organic material, minerals and other chemicals.

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45
Q

Seismic waves

Unit C

A

The break of rocks at the focus sends waves through earth. These waves are called seismic waves.

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46
Q

define Linkages

Unit 8D

A

The linkage is the part of the subsystem that transfers energy.

In the bicycle, the chain is the linkage.

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47
Q

percent of water usable by humans

A

0.3%

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48
Q

What are quadrats?

A

Finding a large group, or distribution of a species in an area would suggest that the species is well adapted to the conditions of the ecosystem.

A small distribution would mean the opposite.

This is known as a quadrat.

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49
Q

Unit A

What are the differences between Biotic and Abiotic factors in an environment?

Unit A

A

Biotic - Living (6 letters)
Abiotic - Nonliving

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50
Q

define irrigation

A

Irrigation is used when there is little or no rainfall. It helps farmers ensure that plants receive the right amount of water

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51
Q

Load

Unit 7D

A

A load is an external force on a structure.

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52
Q

upper zone in a lake

A

is the area of a lake form the shore dan to where aquatic plants stop growing

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53
Q

what is bioinvasion?

A

when an organism takes up food making other organism starve

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54
Q

Nearly 75% of the world’s food supply is based on seven major crops:

A

wheat, rice, maize (corn), potatoes, barley, cassava and sorghum

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55
Q

what does and what does photosynthesis

Unit B

A

the leaves of the plant and in the chloroplasts

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56
Q

middle zone

A

a the open water area that his has light penetration

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57
Q

What are rocks made of?

Unit C

A

-Made up of tiny little particles called grains.

-Building blocks of rocks are pure, naturally occurring solid materials called minerals.

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58
Q

how do we know what direction a water shed starts?

A

Location of the highest land on the continent determines the direction that a watershed drains

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59
Q

what is the cost of increasing a force?

A

But the cost is that the force the user applies must move farther than the load.

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60
Q

name a class one, two, and three lever.

A

class one: normal lever
class two: weel barrow
class three: hockey stick

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61
Q

what are the three environmental factors of building a building.

A

Climatic conditions:
Terrain conditions
Earthquake risks

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62
Q

Center of gravity

A

Is the imaginary point in an object where the downward force of gravity acts (where the structures balance is on).

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63
Q

Stream characteristics include

A

the rate of water flow and the slope of the streams bed

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64
Q

Lava

Unit C

A

When magma flows onto the surface of earth either on land or beneath the ocean it’s called lava.

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65
Q

Sedimentary rock

A

-Form when small pieces of rock are carried by water or wind and settle or sink down onto the rocks beneath them.

-The layers of sediment eventually turn into sedimentary rock with pressure.

-Can be made up of shells.

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66
Q

Define Food Web

A

Food chains that are linked are called food webs. This happens because producers and consumers can be eaten by more than one consumer. And consumers usually get their energy from more than one food source.

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67
Q

what is a simple machine

Unit 7D

A

A simple machine is a tool or device made up of one basic machine.

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68
Q

Osmosis

A

ALWAYS involves water and ALWAYS moves from high to low concentration
Water from the soil enters the roots through osmosis.

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69
Q

What is Ecological Footprint

A

Human impacts on an environment

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70
Q

Unit A

What is a food web?

A

Many food chains are linked. If you link food chains in an ecosystem, you get a food web.

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71
Q

Continental Divide

A

This high land is called the Continental Divide. In North America the major divide is the Rocky Mountains.

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72
Q

Earthquakes

Unit 7E

A

-Are trembling and vibrations of the ground
-Caused by the sudden release of energy that has slowly been building up in earths crust
-The sudden breaking of the rock that has been stuck on itself creates the earthquake

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73
Q

What are the three types of symbiosis?

A

COMMENSALISM - one organism benefits, the other neither benefits nor is harmed
Ex. Bird building nest in a tree
MUTUALISM - both organisms benefit
Ex. barnacles on a whale
PARASITISM - one organism benefits, the other is harmed
Ex. Tapeworm in a host

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74
Q

Static load

Unit 7D

A

The weight of the structure and the non-moving load it supports is called the static load or dead load.

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75
Q

Mechanical Advantage does ( ) always equal Speed Ratio.

A

NOT

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76
Q

What is the formula for speed ratio

A

Input Distance
over
Output Distance

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77
Q

Solid structure

Unit 7D

A

Formed from a solid piece or combination of pieces, and is made up of strong materials. Additionally there is little or no space inside of it.

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78
Q

Corrugation

Unit 7D

A

forming a material into a wave like ridges or folds. flat components is to put a series of folds into the material. Example-

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79
Q

reservoir

A

s an artificial lake. It is used for storage and management, because many of the larger populated centers in Alberta are far from major river systems.

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80
Q

What is symbiosis?

A

Is the relationship between different species where at least one species benefits.

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81
Q

currents can be caused by

A

Wind
Temperature differences in the water
Salinity differences in the water
Earths rotation

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82
Q

Intrusive rock (a type of igneous rock)

A

Rock formed from magma that cooled and hardened beneath the surface

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83
Q

range of tolerance.

A

A wide range of species depends on the quality of the water for survival. Some species can tolerate certain changes because those changes are within their range

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84
Q

Mass

Unit 7D

A

Mass is the amount of matter in an object. The more mass an object has, the greater the gravitational force.

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85
Q

Newton

A

Unit for measuring force. One Newton is the amount of force needed to hold up a mass of 100 g.

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86
Q

continental shelf

A

is warmer water than out in the deep ocean and this area has full light penetration

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87
Q

out of osmosis and distillation, which process can purify more water.

A

reverse osmossis

88
Q

Luster

A

-How the surface of a mineral reflects light.

-It can be metallic, waxy, greasy, dull, brilliant, glassy (vitreous), pearly, silky.

89
Q

Chemical fertilizers

A

are mixtures of types of chemicals that promote plant growth

90
Q

Dynamic load

Unit 7D

A

Dynamic load is an external force that moves or changes with time.

91
Q

what are a different way plants reproduce

A

Runners: are long stems that grow along the surface of the soil

Rhizomes are stems that run underground and produce a new plant

Suckers are when roots reproduce

92
Q

what is the average salinity of sea water?

A

3.5%

93
Q

Describe the Basic Needs of all living things

A

Water, Food, Energy, Oxygen, and Living Conditions

(Living conditions include clean air and safety)

94
Q

Biological Control

A

When a natural predator controls a pest

Does not get rid of all the pest

95
Q

what are the two processes that purify water?

A

reverse osmossis and distillation

96
Q

define tides

A

Tides are the regular rising and falling of very large bodies of water

97
Q

Amount of work done depends on 2 things:

A

amount of force exerted (done) on the object

distance the object moved in the direction of the applied force

98
Q

what is hard water

A

Water described as “hard” is high in dissolved minerals, specifically calcium and magnesium.

99
Q

what is a rivers sediment load

A

s the amount of water-borne materials such as soil, rocks and organic matter that it carries.

100
Q

what are the three places in a house that looses the most heat

Unit C

A

35% are walls
25% is through the roof
15% is through the floor.

101
Q

what happens if you design a structure under the influence of drugs-i mean, without consideration?

Unit 7D

A

big no-nos and dead people. (liek me)

102
Q

Inner core

A

The inner core layer is solid, even though it’s very hot. The weight of the other layers has pressed the inner core into an extremely hard ball. Its radius is about 1250 km.

103
Q

Osmosis in a cell

A

Movement of water particles across the cell membrane
If the water conc. Outside the cell is higher than inside the cell the cell will gain water

104
Q

what do simple machines do.

A

Simple machines can increase the force you apply or change the direction of the force

105
Q

give an example of a corrugated structure

A

cardboard

106
Q

What are similar characteristics of all livings things

Unit A

A

Made up of cells
Need energy
Grow and develop
Reproduce
Have adaptations

107
Q

thermal conductivity

A

is a measure of its ability to transfer heat by conduction.

108
Q

Erosion

A

Occurs when the products of weather are moved from place to place.

109
Q

what is bioinvasion?

A

when an organism takes up food making other organism starve

110
Q

t are the three uses of water in order of usage

A

agriculture 73%, industrial 22%, domestic 5%

111
Q

what is a niche?

A

Role of an organism within the ecosystem

112
Q

Richter scale

Unit 7E

A

-The Richter scale is the system geologists use to determine the strength of an earthquake and report it to the public.
-The scale starts at 0 and goes 10.

113
Q

What is natural selection?

Unit A

A

The weak die and the strong live. The strong then move on and produce the next better, stronger, generation.

114
Q

define Deformation

Unit 7D

A

is more likely to cause a structure to fail than flexibility is.

115
Q

what is force measured in

Unit 8D

A

Newtons (n)

116
Q

Aesthetics

Unit C

A

Aesthetics refers to the pleasing appearance or effect that an object has because of its design.

117
Q

define subsystems

Unit 8D

A

maller components of complex machines that perform one particular task

118
Q

Define food chain

A

A food chain shows the general flow of energy among living things in an ecosystem.

119
Q

How much energy is passed on in the food chain?

A

10 PERCENT

120
Q

Deposition

Unit 8E

A

Is the process of these materials being laid down or deposited by wind, water and ice.

121
Q

External force

Unit 7D

A

An External Force is a force that is applied on a structure by something else.

122
Q

Define speed ratio

A

measure of how the speed of the object is affected by a machine.

Speed ratio describes how much faster the user is moving than the load is working.

123
Q

pesticides

A

Used to kill insects that are harmful to crops.

124
Q

what are mineral particles
organic particles
and humus

Unit A

A

rocks that have been broken down and allows water to run through

are from plants and animals

is partly decomposed organic matter that provides plants nutrients and absorbs water

125
Q

how does nature affect the environment?

A

land slides
Tornados
tsunamis
earthquakes.

126
Q

What does the upper part and the crust form?

A

The Lithosphere

127
Q

Frame structure

Unit 7D

A

Made up of a rigid arrangement of parts, or structural components fastened.

128
Q

what is the smaller gear is called

Unit 8D

A

a pinion.

129
Q

Sediment

Unit 7E

A

Silt, sand, mud and gravel that gets carried in a river as it flows

130
Q

Igneous rock

Unit 7C

A

Form from hot molten rock called magma.

131
Q

how do humans affect the environment?

A

Deforestation,
air pollution
water pollution
city expansion
toxic waste.

132
Q

define co-generation

A

is the production of two forms of energy at the same time from one energy source

133
Q

give an example of a margin of safety

A

speed limits or weight restrictions

134
Q

define crop rotation

A

is when you plant a different crop in a particular field every year
Naturally fertilizes the soil and plants are matched based on nutrient need

135
Q

Glacier

Unit 7E

A

-Moving mass of ice and snow

-As a glacier flows it picks up rock fragments which changes the earth’s surface

-Glacier melts it leaves eroded rock fragments in the form of small hills called drumlins and moraines or eskers

136
Q

estuary

A

one of the most diverse and richest ecosystems. this is where fresh water and saltwater mix to form brackish water

137
Q

Sedimentation

Unit 7E

A

Sediments being deposited, usually at the bottoms of oceans, lakes and rivers

138
Q

A model

Unit 7E

A

It demonstrates an object or an idea that is difficult to picture in real form

139
Q

define Transmission

Unit 7D

A

Transmissions transfer energy from the engine to the wheels.

A transmission contains a number of different gears. This enables the operator to move the object slowly with a large force, or quickly with a smaller force.

140
Q

Speed ratio represents the ideal mechanical advantage because

A

Friction is not accounted for

141
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Diffusion - when there is a difference between the concentration of a substance inside and outside of a cell. It always goes High to low conc.

Osmosis only allows solvent molecules to move freely, but diffusion allows both solvent and solute molecules to move freely.

142
Q

Mantle

Unit C

A

The mantle is about 2900 km thick, but it isn’t the same all the way through. Makes up 2/3 of Earth’s mass. Has a upper part which is solid like the crust and a lower part has partly melted rock.

143
Q

what is the formula for efficiency

A

Mechanical Advantage
over X 100%
Speed Ratio

144
Q

Remote sensing

Unit C

A

Mapping of Earth’s surface from aircraft or satellite. Can infer possible locations of valuable mineral deposits

145
Q

define Joints

Unit 7D

A

A joint in a structure should be designed so that it uses the least amount of material and holds the greatest load.

146
Q

is hard water safe

A

yes, but can do stuff to plumbing

147
Q

Describe the carbon cycle

A

The carbon cycle is nature’s way of reusing carbon atoms within the atmosphere into the organisms on the Earth repeatedly.

Animals give off carbon dioxide when they breathe

Carbon is also given off by decaying plants and animals and burning of fossil fuels

Plants use carbon dioxide to make oxygen and food.

148
Q

Margin of safety:

A

the limits within which a structure’s safety performance is considered to be acceptable.

149
Q

define cutting and grafting

A

Cuttings are small pieces of a plant that usually have a part of the stem and a few leaves

Grafting involves attaching a part of one plant onto another plant and they eventually grow together

150
Q

what is another term for mechanical advantage

Unit 8D

A

force ratio.

151
Q

define yield

A

is the amount of useful plant part per plant

152
Q

Herbicides

A

chemicals used to kill plants

153
Q

What is primary and secondary succession?

A

Primary succession - Occurs in an area where no life exists due to an absence of soil
Secondary succession - a community that is stable and new species will not constantly replace old species (also known as a climax community)

154
Q

A joint can be either be a m_______ joint or f______ joint

Unit 7D

A

movable
fixed

155
Q

Geochemical prospecting

A

Making chemical analysis of samples taken from the environment

156
Q

what uses the most energy/electricity

Unit C

A

Industry is the biggest energy user.

157
Q

Lanslides

Unit 7E

A

Sudden and fast movements of rocks and soil down a slope.

158
Q

Organic fertilizers

A

Organic fertilizers are made from sources such as animal or plant water

159
Q

what is a Complex Machine

Unit 7D

A

are made from combinations of two or more simple machines.

160
Q

Fluvial landform

Unit 7E

A

Landform that has been formed from running water.

161
Q

Geophyiscal prospecting

A

Using sensitive instruments to detect mineral deposits hidden deep underground. Ie. Iron and copper or magnetic

162
Q

why are we doing this

A

because we have no life. if you didn’t get that question right, you deserve to sue the toilet as a cup.

163
Q

What is succession

A

The gradual process by which some species within an ecosystem replaces other species is called Succession.

164
Q

Friction can affect __, but not __

A

MA SR

165
Q

what is the 5 Kingdom classification system?

Unit A

A

Animalia (animals)
Plantae (plants)
Fungi (yeast)
Protista (single-celled organisms)
Monera (bacteria)

166
Q

Chemical weathering

A

Water and oxygen react with the minerals in rocks to produce new minerals.

167
Q

Joints that rely on friction

A

-Nails screw, rivets, tacks, and staples
Interlocking pieces
Mass (bricks)

168
Q

Work is measured in

A

Joules (Joules = N*m)

169
Q

Local heating systems

A

provide heat for only one room or a small part of a building.

170
Q

what is the difference between a driving gear and a driven gear

Unit 8D

A

i’m lazy and tired

171
Q

Transpiration

A

Evaporation of water from the surface of the plant mainly the leaves

172
Q

Outer core

A

In Earth’s molten outer core, the temperatures are so high that the rock is completely liquid or molten. This layer is about 2200 km thick.

173
Q

give an example of a subsystem

A

linkage, belt, or gear.

174
Q

What is the difference between intentional and unintentional consequences?

Unit A

A

Intentional consequences are one purpose and unintended consequences are NOT on purpose.

175
Q

problem with pesticides

A

Contamination (food and environment)
Insects become resistant

*this is why we wash our fruit and vegetables!

176
Q

Classifying Material Property

A

Brittleness
Ductility
Hardness
Plasticity
Resistance to heat/water
Compression
Tensile strength

177
Q

what are the effects of plowing the soil

A

Over time it can damage the soil because it makes the soil particles smaller and it can become waterlogged

178
Q

Friction can affect __, but not __

A

MA SR

179
Q

parts of a refrigerator

A

a storage tank, a compressor, a freezer unit, condenser coils, and a refrigerant.

180
Q

what is a thermostat

Unit C

A

The switch in a thermostat is a bimetallic strip, which consists of two different metals joined together.
When heated, one of the metals expands faster than the other one. This causes the strip to bend.

181
Q

Flexibility:

Unit 7D

A
  • ability of a material to be bent under force without breaking.
  • Flexibility helps prevent the structure from deforming and breaking
182
Q

passive heating

A

are heated directly by the sun’s rays.

183
Q

give an example of a simple machine

Unit 7D

A

DO YOU THINK I CAN READ YOUR MIND? NO!

184
Q

What is the Photosynthesis Equation?

Unit A

A

Energy + carbon dioxide + water → sugar + oxygen

Light + CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2

185
Q

active heating

A

Active systems rely on some mechanical device (fans, pumps) to help transfer the sun’s energy.

186
Q

The force on a structure depends on three things

Unit 8D

A

Magnitude (size of the force and the bigger it is the stronger it is), Direction of the force (where the force is going), and location of where the force is applied.

187
Q

parts of an active solar heating system

Unit C

A

a collector, a heat storage unit, and a heat distribution system.

188
Q

Environmental costs.

A

The negative effects on the environment of using fossil fuels

189
Q

Define scavengers and decomposers

A

Scavengers: consumers that feed off remains of dead plants/animals.

Decomposers: consumers that break down dead plants/animals.

190
Q

what photosynthesis?

A

Is the process where plants transform light energy into chemical energy

191
Q

Mohs scale of hardness.

Unit C

A

Consists of 10 minerals ranked in order of hardness.

-Goes from 1-10

192
Q

Geologists

Unit 7C

A

Are scientists that study earth

193
Q

Capillary Action

A

is where water travels from the roots to the leaves through tiny tubes in the roots and stems

194
Q

what is the formula for Mechanical advanage

Unit 8D

A

Fout over Fin

195
Q

what is cellular respiration

Unit A

A

When an organism takes in oxygen to in order to turn sugar into energy. Also known as BREATHING.

196
Q

what is potable water

A

water that is safe to drink

197
Q

Central heating systems

A

provide heat from a single, central source such as a furnace. The heat transfers through a network of pipes, ducts, and vents or openings in different places around the building.

198
Q

water is _____ pure in nature

A

never

199
Q

Extrusive rock (a type of igneous rock)

A

Rock that was formed from lava cooling on the surface

200
Q

What is R value

A

to let consumers know how effective different insulators are. The higher the R-value, the better the insulator.

201
Q

Hydroponic system

A

when plants are grown without soil. The roots are buried in gravel and nutrient rich water is pumped at regular intervals.

202
Q

currents

A

are streams of water that move within a larger body of water.

203
Q

Selective breeding

A

selecting plants with specific traits and reproduce them

204
Q

define waves

A

Waves are movements on the surface of the water

205
Q

societal costs

A

The negative effects on people all together are the. Most of these costs are closely linked to environmental costs.

206
Q

Work Efficiency Formula

A

Efficiency = Work Output x 100%
Work Input

207
Q

what is active transport

A

Active Transport moves substances in and out of the plant cells but it requires energy

Active transport goes from low to high concentration against the gradient

208
Q

What are specific niches called (asking for the types of niches)?

A

GENERALIST: have a broad niche
Thrive in different environments and can feed on a variety of food sources

SPECIALIST: have a narrow niche
Eat a limited diet and require a specific environment

209
Q

Mechanical weathering

Unit C

A

Rock is broken apart by physical forces, such as water or wind.

210
Q

Describe the water cycle

A

Evaporation
Liquid water changes to an invisible water vapour and mixes with the air.

Transpiration
Water is taken in through plant roots and released as water vapour into the air.

Condensation
Warm water vapour cools as it rises and turns into a liquid again (forms a cloud).
Precipitation
liquid water falls from the clouds back to the ground.

211
Q

parts of a flower

A

carpel: stigma, style, ovary, stamen: anther and filament.

212
Q

what is the cellular respiration formula?

Unit A

A

Sugar + Oxygen → energy + carbon dioxide + water

C6H12O6 + O2 → Energy + CO2 + H2O

213
Q

parts of a seed

A

the embryo, store food, and a seed coat

214
Q

Problems with herbicide’s

A

Causes some organisms to starve
Build up in soil can cause less fertile soil
Can be washed into rivers/lakes
Weeds can become resistant to it

215
Q

what is diffusion

A

Diffusion takes place when there is a difference between the concentration of a substance inside and outside of a cell. It always goes High to low conc.

216
Q

give an example of ways we fasten structures together

Unit 7D

A

seams, zippers, or buckles

Grade 7 (2 decks)

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