Scientific and Cultural Developments

Question 1

Pseudoscience

Answer 1

false or misleading claims presented as scientific fact; his elf spiritualism and phrenology

Question 2

Phrenology

Answer 2

study of the shape of a head as an indicator of personality and intelligence (whites scored highest, then AA, then NA)

Question 3

Samuel George Morton

Answer 3

American physician who conducted studies on the size of human skulls

Question 4

Crania Americana (1839)

Answer 4

Book by Samuel George Morton that argued for the racial inferiority of Native Americans

Question 5

Aryan Race Theory

Answer 5

belief in the superiority of the Aryan race

Question 6

UDC (United Daughters of the Confederacy)

Answer 6

organization founded by southern women to preserve the memory of the confederacy

Question 7

The South’s “war of ideas”

Answer 7

southern perspective on the civil war and its causes

Question 8

Allied Powers

Answer 8

Group of nations that fought against the central powers in WW1 (France, UK, Russia, US, Italy, Japan)

Question 9

Central Powers

Answer 9

Group of nations that fought against the central powers in WW1; consists of (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire)

Question 10

Fritz Haber

Answer 10

German chemist who developed Haber-Bosch process for making ammonia, which was used to make explosives, and later mustard gas.

Question 11

The Guano Islands Act (1856)

Answer 11

US law that allowed citizens (business owners) to claim ownership over uninhabited islands containing guano

Question 12

Wars for Independence (Cuba, PR, Philippines)

Answer 12

wars fought by these colonies against Spanish rule (fought for half a century, were not successful until US stepped in)

Question 13

Spanish-American War (1898)

Answer 13

war between US and Spain

Question 14

Battle of Manila Bay (May, 1898)

Answer 14

US naval victory over Spanish fleet

Question 15

Battle of San Jaun Hill (1898)

Answer 15

US land victory over Spanish forces

Question 16

US Invasion of Puerto Rico (1898)

Answer 16

US military occupation of Puerto Rico

Question 17

US Annexation of Hawaii (July 1898)

Answer 17

US takeover of Hawaiian islands

Question 18

July Crisis

Answer 18

a series of militaristic escalations in Europe that led to WW1

Question 19

Zimmerman Telegram

Answer 19

message from Germany to Mexico proposing an alliance against the US (Mexico declined/ignored it)

Question 20

WW1 (1914-1918) causes and involvement

Answer 20

FIND IN NOTES

Question 21

Conscription WW1 (the draft)

Answer 21

forced military service implemented by the US during WW1

Question 22

The Great Migration

Answer 22

movement of African Americans to the North during the early 20th century

Question 23

Wartime Propaganda

Answer 23

use of propaganda to support the war effort (in advertisements)

Question 24

Espionage/Sedition Act

Answer 24

laws passed by the US gov that prohibited the right to criticize the war

Question 25

Native American Church

Answer 25

religious movement that combined native American beliefs with Christianity

Question 26

Lone Wolf vs. Hitchcock (1903)

Answer 26

Supreme Court case that upheld the government's rights to regulate native American affairs

Question 27

Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)

Answer 27

Supreme Court case that upheld the "separate but equal" idea

Question 28

13th amendment

Answer 28

abolishment of slavery

Question 29

14th ammendment

Answer 29

granted citizenship to African Americans

Question 30

15th

Answer 30

gave voting rights to African American men

Question 31

19th amendment

Answer 31

gave voting rights to white women

Question 32

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 32

president of the US during WW1

Question 33

Wilson's 14 Points

Answer 33

brought to the Treatay of Paris : plan proposed by Wilson for the postwar settlement of WW1: included trade quality, ending secret treaties and alliances, freedom of moving on the seas, and the creation of the League of Nations.

Question 34

Scopes trial (monkey trial) of 1925

Answer 34

trial over the teaching of evolution being taught in public schools vs the word of the Bible

Question 35

Biblical Inerrancy

Answer 35

belief that the Bible is without error and is the direct word of God

Question 36

"Born Again" authority

Answer 36

belief that religious authority comes from the personal experience of salvation and "seeing God and having a convo with him"