Scientific Foundations: Injury Epidemiology- Done

Question 0

Characteristics of occupational injuries

Answer 0

1. Not random events
2. Predictable and preventable
3. Result when energy is exchanged and dose is sufficient to overcome the hosts threshold of resistance in the presence or absence of certain environmental conditions

Question 1

The study of the natural history of injuries helps to define what factors that contribute to injury?

Answer 1

1. Host
2. Agent
3. Vector
4. Environmental (psychosocial and physical)

Question 2

Sources of injuries

Answer 2

1. Mechanic or kinetic energy
2. Thermal energy
3. Electric energy
4. Radiation
5. Chemical energy
6. Absence

Question 3

Examples of sources of mechanic or kinetic energy injuries

Answer 3

1. Impact of an object
2. Dashboard
3. Floor
4. Knife
5. Noise
6. Extreme air pressure (explosion)

Question 4

Examples of sources of thermal energy injuries

Answer 4

1. Steam
2. Flame
3. Hot substances
4. Lasers

Question 5

Examples of sources of electrical energy injuries

Answer 5

1. Man made (high tension wires)

2. Natural (lightning)

Question 6

Examples of sources of radiation injuries

Answer 6

1. Ionizing and nonionizing radiation
2. Sunlight
3. Radioactive minerals
4. Radiotherapeutic devices, implants and pharmaceuticals

Question 7

Examples of sources of chemical energy injuries

Answer 7

1. Acids
2. Bases
3. Poisons/toxins
4. Irritants

Question 8

Examples of sources of absence of energy injuries

Answer 8

1. Absence if respiration secondary to drowning

Question 9

Energy exchanging event causing injury can be studied as a sequence of interactions viewed in…

Answer 9

1. Pre-event
2. Event
3. Post-event

Question 10

Components of a risk factor analysis for injury occurrence

Answer 10

1. Host factors
2. Injury
3. Agent
4. Vector
5. Exposure event
6. Physical environment factors
7. Sociocultural environment factors

Question 11

Host risk factors to consider when conducting a risk factor analysis for an injury occurrence, specifically fracture

Answer 11

1. Age
2. Sex
3. Health status
4. Physical condition

Question 12

When conducting a risk factor analysis for an injury occurrence, specifically fracture

Fracture is the

Answer 12

Injury

Question 13

When conducting a risk factor analysis for an injury occurrence, specifically fracture

Kinetic energy is the

Answer 13

Agent

Question 14

When conducting a risk factor analysis for an injury occurrence, specifically fracture

Cement floor is the

Answer 14

Vector

Question 15

When conducting a risk factor analysis for an injury occurrence, specifically fracture

Slip and fall is the

Answer 15

Exposure event

Question 16

When conducting a risk factor analysis for an injury occurrence, specifically fracture

The following are examples of…..

1. Oil, grease, dirt and water on floor
2. Painted cement floor
3. Equipment and supplies on the floor
4. Lighting
5. Integrity of floor

Answer 16

Physical environment factors

Question 17

When conducting a risk factor analysis for an injury occurrence, specifically fracture

The following are examples of…

1. Attitude toward housekeeping
2. Costs associated with injuries and lost time not accounted for under department budget

Answer 17

Sociocultural environment factors

Question 18

Countermeasures

Answer 18

Strategies that are effective in preventing or reducing the extent of injuries

Question 19

Countermeasures were identified and categorized by….

Answer 19

William Haddon

Question 20

Components of a Haddon matrix

Answer 20

1. Phase
2. Human factors
3. Environmental and engineering factors
4. Social, legal and political factors

Question 21

Phases of Haddon matrix

Answer 21

1. Pre-event
2. Event
3. Post-event

Question 22

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area

The following are examples of —— in the ——- phase

1. Shoes with non skid soles
2. Safety training to increase awareness
3. Establish work practices including housekeeping

Answer 22

Human factors

Pre-event

Question 23

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area

The following are examples of —— in the ——- phase

1. Nonskid floor (paint, strips)
2. Oil/grease absorbing material for spills
3. Good lighting
4. Proper storage and use of equipment and supplies

Answer 23

Environmental and engineering factors

Pre-event

Question 24

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area The following are examples of ------ in the ------- phase 1. OSHA inspections and regulation compliance 2. Safety audit 3. Risk management (insurance losses and litigation)

Answer 24

Social, legal and political factors Pre-event

Question 25

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area The following are examples of ------ in the ------- phase 1. Padded clothing 2. Optimal physical condition of workers

Answer 25

Human factors Event

Question 26

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area The following are examples of ------ in the ------- phase 1. Energy absorbing floors (with nonskid surface) 2. Emergency notification system

Answer 26

Environmental and engineering factors Event

Question 27

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area The following are examples of ------ in the ------- phase 1. Injury investigation, reporting and tracking 2. Coordination of medical care

Answer 27

Social, legal and political factors Event

Question 28

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area The following are examples of ------ in the ------- phase 1. Effective first aid response 2. Interaction with ambulance and hospital emergency services

Answer 28

Human factors Post-event

Question 29

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area The following are examples of ------ in the ------- phase 1. Prompt access to work location 2. Access to first aid equipment and supplies

Answer 29

Environment and engineering factors Post-event

Question 30

Haddon matrix: case example of control countermeasures for slips and falls on the same level in a maintenance area The following are examples of ------ in the ------- phase 1. Emergency response system (triage, first aid, evacuation and definitive medical care)

Answer 30

Social, legal and political factors Post-event

Question 31

Pre-event countermeasures include

Answer 31

1. Preventing the creation of the workplace or community hazard 2. Reducing the severity of the hazard 3. Preventing the release of the hazard 4. Modifying the rate of release of the hazard 5. Separating the hazard from the individual

Question 32

Event countermeasures include

Answer 32

1. Placing a physical barrier between the hazard and the person 2. Modifying the basic qualities of the hazard 3. Increasing the individuals resistance to injury

Question 33

Post-event countermeasures include

Answer 33

1. Rapidly evaluating the injury that has occurred or is occurring 2. Preventing continuation of the injury 3. Mitigating or halting the extension of its effects 4. After stabilizing the injured party, providing definitive medical and surgical treatment and rehabilitative and restorative care, with a goal if restoring the worker to an optimal level of functioning

Question 34

An understanding of injury epidemiology will enable occupational and environmental health nurses to.....

Answer 34

Analyze, characterize and minimize the potential for | Injury in their work setting

Question 35

The occupational and environmental health nurse can use injury prevention control principles to....

Answer 35

Study, prevent and control the occurrence of injury producing events and the extent of injury