scientific method

Question 1

discovery/hypothesis-based science

Answer 1

discovery: observe, describe, analyze data, conclusion (ex sun rises in east)

hypothesis-based: try to explain observation of discorvery science, hypothesis, analyze data, conclusion (supports or not the hypothesis)

Question 2

steps of hypothesis-based science

Answer 2

observation (describe phenomenon)
hypothesis
prediction
experiment
record data, make further observation
analyze data
supports/doesnt support hypthesos
accept/reject hypothesis (NEVER SAY IT IS RIGHT)
modify hypothesis or repeat experience by you and different labs

hypothesis may be accepted as theory

Question 3

factos for a good experiment

Answer 3

large sample size (minimum 100)
identify dependent/independent/control (as many control as possible, strongly influence results, must be held constant and similar in control group) variables
determine an appropriate control group (almost identical in all aspects but the dependant variable)
when possible, include a placebo effect (double blind studies used to reduce placebo)

Question 4

correlation/cause-effect

Answer 4

correlation: looking for a relationship, may be used for observation, may or may not be cause-effect
positive correlation: variable increase together
negative correlation: one value increases the other decreases

cause-effect: stats test (t-test or chi-square test) must be done

Question 5

theory meaning

Answer 5

finding that has stoop up to repeated rigorous testing may becomea theory, explains range of related phenomena instead of a partciular one like hypothesis