Scientific Revolution Flashcards
(30 cards)
Define Scientific Revolution
CHANGE in the way people though about the natural world around them.
What time did the Scientific Revolution take place?
1500’s & 1600’s
What previous challenges of tradition may have helped bring about a new way of looking at the world?
- Reformation: questioning Church’s authority
- Exploration: of new lands
- Renaissance Spirit
- New Observation led to questioning old beliefs
Where did scientific knowledge come from?
- Relied on knowledge from Greeks & Romans (e.g. Aristotle, Ptolemy).
- Church
- Potion, Spells, Magic
Examples: What were some of the cures for Black Death?
(just think about it)
- Potion, Spells, Magic
Who created the microscope?
Leeuwenhoek
Who created the barometers?
Torricelli
Who created the thermometer?
Celsius & Fahrenheit
Who said: “I think therefore, I am”
Rene Descartes
Andreas Vesalius
[Anatomy] first person to dissect people, organs, bones, muscles, made sketches, proved Gulen wrong. Wrote “On the Structre of the Human Body.”
Harvey
[Anatomy] discovered blood pumping through heart, recorded path of blood.
Edward Jenner
[Anatomy] cures small pox. Researched with animals, used cowpox to cure smallpox
Boyle
challegened Aristotle’s 4 elements defined the relationship between pressure and gas, Founder of Modern Chemistry, wrote Boyle’s Law
Lavoisier
discovers oxygen
René Decartes
developed analytical geometry. “I think , therefore I am.” Believed that everything should be doubted until proven mathematically.
Scientific Method
logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.
- ask a question
- make observations
- form a hypothesis
- experiment
- analyze data
- Francis Bacon
English. Criticized medivial scientists for relying on Aristotle’s teachings. Urged scientist to used empiricism- experiment & draw conclusions
Ptolemy’s Universe
100 Geocentric Theory was named of Geo, the goddess of the earth
-meant the Earth is the center of the universe)
Church likes this one, rather than Copernicus’, gives purpose to the creation of life, We, Man are the center of the universe.)
Copernicus’ Universe
Copernicus was the ‘father of astronomy’ . 1500 Heliocentric Theory
- (Helios = Greek word for the god of the sun, Apollo).
- (Sun is the center of the universe)
- (Doesn’t really make the creation of life or man special.)
- (Made us question our purpose of life.)
- Revealed his theory on his deathbed (scared of negative response, scared of the Church).
Galileo Galilei
With his telescope… proved Earth was no he center of the universe. - used a telescope to study atronomy.
Galileo’s endorsement of Copernicus worried the Catholic Church & they called him to the Inquistion. He was put under house arrest for the rest of his life.
Johannes Kepler
a brilliant mathematician, proved Copernicus’ finding using mathematical formulas.
What did Galileo found with his telescope?
Found :
- Jupiter had 4 moons
- Earth’s moon had a rough surface.
- The planents appeared to orbit the sun.
Tycho Brahe
proved & recorded the movements of planets
What happened in 1633?
Pope calls Galileo to the Inquisition.
Admit or Die? He calls Galileo to the Inquistion and gives him the option : denounce his ideas or die. Galileo would never be allowed to publish anything again- had to stop his newsletter “Stormy Messenger.”
_ The Pope put Galileo under house arrest, and he died 8 years later , a broken man.
1642: Laws of Gravity
#3 For every action, there is an opposite and equal reaction
e.g: Newton’s cradle
