scientists and dates

Question 1

hilda bruce

Answer 1

bruce effect
discovery of paracrines with the pregnant mouse experiement

Question 2

A.A. Berthold

Answer 2

1st evidence for endocrine glands (rooster experiment, removing testes –> capon)

Question 3

thomas addison

Answer 3

1st clinical defect of the endo systems
did autopsies to discover deterioration of the adrenal cortex –> addisons disease

Question 4

vonmerling and minkowski

Answer 4

removed pancreas in a dog and it developed diabetes

Question 5

murray

Answer 5

made a sheep thyroid and glycerin emulsion which treated human hyperthyroidism

Question 6

oliver and shäfer

Answer 6

found that adrenal gland and pituitary gland extracts (separately) both had pressor effects

Question 7

bayliss and starling

Answer 7

fathers of endocrinology
found that the release of pancreating juice to neutralize duodenum HCL is stimulated by secretin from duodenum

Question 8

sutherland and rall

Answer 8

discovered adenylyl cyclase and cAMP with the epinephrine and hepatocyte experiment, stimulating the rxn cascade and cellular effect of hyperglycemia

Question 9

gilman and rodbell

Answer 9

discovered g protein

Question 10

mitchell

Answer 10

discovered the phosphatidylinositol system

Question 11

saffron, schaly, others & guillemin and rosenburg

Answer 11

first discovered Corticotropin releasing factor (first releasing factor discovered)

Question 12

vale and rivier

Answer 12

isolated and synthesized CRF

Question 13

yalow

Answer 13

created radioimunoassay (RIA) to first discover CRF (and other releasing factors)

Question 14

guillemin and colleugues/schally and colleuges

Answer 14

both separately determined the structure of TRH

Question 15

schally

Answer 15

found that GnRH releases both LH and FSH

Question 16

tsutsui

Answer 16

demonstrated GnIH in quail

Question 17

guillemin

Answer 17

synthesized and isolated GHRH

Question 18

guillemin and schally

Answer 18

separately isolated GHIH in sheeps/pigs respectively

Question 19

devigneaund and colleagues

Answer 19

determined structure and synthesized vasopressin

Question 20

copp (year)

Answer 20

1961, perfused thyroparathyroid glands with high concentration Ca2+ blood and systemic calcium fell more than it would with a parathyroid-thyroidectomy
first indication of the hormone calcitonin

Question 21

langerhans (year)

Answer 21

1869, described islet cells of langerhans as scattered glands of internal secretion in the pancreas

Question 22

banting and best (year)

Answer 22

1921, extracted the first potent insulin used in human diabetes

Question 23

sanger (year)

Answer 23

1956, determined the AA sequence of insulin

Question 24

dixon, du, katsoyonnis, zahn (year)

Answer 24

1966, synthesized human insulin

Question 25

1968

Answer 25

discovery of proinsulin

Question 26

deduve, sutherland, and others (year)

Answer 26

1945, discovered glucagon, the second polypeptide produced by the islet cells