Scoliosis and Ottawa Rules Flashcards Preview

05. OS Midterm/CPA 2 > Scoliosis and Ottawa Rules > Flashcards

Flashcards in Scoliosis and Ottawa Rules Deck (19)
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1
Q

Purpose of Ottawa Ankle Rules

A

The determine if there is a need for radiographs in acute ankle injuries Helps avoid unnecessary imaging

2
Q

Incidence in ankle sprains between genders

A

Females have a higher incidence of ankle sprains than males F = 13.6 per 1000 M = 6.94 per 1000 Doherty et al. 2014

3
Q

Who is more likely to sprain their ankle:

children or adolescents

A

Children

Doherty et al. 2014

4
Q

Who is more likely to sprain their ankle:

adolescents or adults

A

Adolescents

Doherty et al. 2014

5
Q

Accuracy of Ottawa rules

A

~100% sensitivity

Modest specificity

When used to exclude fractures of the ankle and mid-foot

6
Q

Ottawa Rules

A
7
Q

Physical Exam and Treatment Tips for Ottawa Rules

A

Palpate the entire distal 6 cm of tibia and fibula

Closely examine for medial malleolar tenderness

Only use Ottawa rules if patient is over 18 y/o

Encourage follow up for 5-7 days if pain and walking ability don’t improve

8
Q

Damaged Ligament in an Inversion Ankle Sprain

A

Calcaneofibular ligament

“Last year we were taught ATF…stupid”

9
Q

Damaged Ligament in an Eversion Ankle Sprain

A

Deltoid ligament

10
Q

Damaged Ligament in a High Ankle Sprain

A

Syndesmotic tear

Aka the in

11
Q

Damaged Ligament in a High Ankle Sprain

A

Syndesmotic tear

aka. interosseus membrane and the fibiofibular ligament

12
Q

Grade 1 Ankle Sprain

A

Minimal tenderness and swelling

Minimal Impariment

Pathophysiology - microscopic tearing of collagen fibers

Treatment - Weight bear as tolerated, physical therapy

13
Q

Grade 2 Ankle Sprain

A

Moderate tenderness and swelling

Decreased ROM and possible instability

Moderate impairment

Pathophysiology - Complete tear of some but not all collagen fibers in the ligament

Treatment - Immobilize w/ air splint and PT

14
Q

Grade 3 Ankle Sprain

A

Significant swelling and tenderness

Instability of joint

Severe impairment

Pathophysiology: Complete tear or rupture of ligament

Treatment: Immobilization, PT, Possible surgical reconstruction

15
Q

Ottawa Rules for the Knee

A

Should get an X Ray if any criteria below is met

1) > 55 y/o
2) Isolated tenderness to the patella (no bone tenderness othe than patella)
3) Tenderness of head of fibula
4) Inability to flex to 90º
5) Inability to bear weight both immediately and in ED more than 4 steps

16
Q

How do you find Cobb angle?

A

Find the angle created by a parrellel line coming off the superior surface of the most cephalad vertebra in the curve with the parrellel line coming off the inferior surface of the most caudad vertebra in the curve

17
Q

Classifications of Cobb Angle

A

Mild = 5-15º

Moderate = 20-45º

Severe = 50º

18
Q

At what angle is respiratory function comprimised?

A

Cobb angle > 50º

19
Q

What does scoliosis do to rib motion?

A

Adds a torsional motion