Scrotal and testicular problems Flashcards
What is the commonest cause of scrotal swelling in PMC?
Epididymal cysts
Name a feature of epididymal cysts
- Posterior to testicle
- Separate from testicle body
Name a condition associated with epididymal cysts
- PCKD
- CF
How is an epididymal cyst diagnosed?
US
Hydrocele describes the accumulation of fluid where?
Tunica vaginalis
What is the difference between a communicating and a non-communicating hydrocele?
Communicating (often seen in babies) is due to excessive fluid draining into the tunical vaginallis and often resolves in a few months. Non communicating is caused by excessive production of fluid in the tunica vaginalis
Name a condition that hydroceles can develop secondary to
- Epidiymo-orchitis
- Testicular torsion
- Testicular tumour
Name a feature of hydrocele
- Soft non-tender swelling of the hemiscrotum
- Transillumination with pen torch
What is varicocele
Enlarged testicular veins
Name a feature of varicocele
- Subfertility
- ‘Bag of worms’
- Left side
How is varicocele diagnosed?
Doppler US
What is testicular torsion?
Twisting of spermatic cord resulting in testicular ischaemia and necrosis
Name a feature of testicular torsion?
- Loss of cremaster reflex
- Sudden onset severe pain
- Elevation of testis doesn’t ease pain
- Males 10-30 y.o.
How is testicular torsion initialy managed?
Surgical exporation
What is epidiymo-orchitis?
Inflammation of the epididymis that often involves testis
