SDG: INTRO Flashcards
1
Q
What is Analytical Chemistry?
A
2
Q
Analytical Chemistry: Fields of application
A
3
Q
The wheel of development
A
4
Q
Biochemistry and Medicine
A
5
Q
Environmental Science and Technology
A
6
Q
Importance of trace analysis Sample preparation
A
7
Q
Geological and Industrial applications
A
8
Q
The Computer, Then and Now
A
9
Q
What dimensions are we talking about?
A
10
Q
Extrinsic defects
A
11
Q
Si-surface preparation needs
A
12
Q
Ultrathin SiO2 gate oxide
A
13
Q
What is Micro and Trace analysis?
A
14
Q
SI Units
A
15
Q
SI Units
CONVERT
A
16
Q
SI Units
PREFIX
A
17
Q
Trace elements and their importance
A
18
Q
Figures of merit
A
19
Q
Accuracy
A
20
Q
Precision
A
21
Q
Accuracy and Precision
A
22
Q
TRUE VALUE
A
23
Q
Accuracy and precision
CALCULATE
A
24
Q
Accuracy Certified Reference Materials
A
25
Certified Reference Material
document
26
Accuracy and precision role of sample preparation
27
Sample preparation – cause of errors, key to success
statistical aspects
28
Sample preparation – cause of errors, key to success
example 1
29
Sample preparation – cause of errors, key to success
error distribution
30
Calibration curves
slope
31
Calibration curves
linear regression
32
Presentation of data Tables and graphs
33
Sensitivity
calibration
34
analytical sensitivity
35
Detection limit
36
Dynamic range
37
accuracy
acid digestion
aliquot
analyte
bias
calibration (curve)
certified reference
38
complexing agent
confidence interval
confidence limit
contamination
coprecipitation
dilution factor
dry ashing
39
error
extraction
figure of merit
fitness of purpose
heterogenity
homogenity
interferent
40
limit of detection
limit of quantitation
linear dynamic range
linearity
liquid liquid extraction
41
matrix
measurand
method
microwave digestion
outlier
precision
qualitative analysis
quality assurance
quality control
quality control charta
quantitative analysis
42
reagent
reagent blank
recovery
reference material
repeatability
reproducibility
robustness
sample
43
selectivity
signal to noise ratio
solvent extraction
speciation
standard
44
internal standard
standard method
stock solution
sub sample
true value uncertainty
45
Defining the problem
46
Methodology for Trace Elemental Analysis
47
Stages of Trace Analysis
48
Defining the problem
49
Sample preparation General concerns
50
Selecting the method
51
Sampling – is not gambling!
Gold panning is a wonderfully clear example of ‘sampling based on hope’, a clear example of gambling (Pierre Gy)
52
Size does not matter
53
Distributional heterogeneity
54
Analysis: sampling + measurement
55
Impact of sampling errors
56
Sampling: general strategy
57
Different Approaches to Sampling
58
Sources of error
59
Contamination during sampling
geological
60
Contamination during sampling
soils and air
61
Contamination during sampling
water and biological
62
Contamination during sampling and handling
glassware
63
Contamination during sampling and handling
And plasticware
64
Do containers pose problems?
65
Container materials
platinum and plastics
66
Container materials
lpde or hpde
67
How about the chemicals?
68
Preparing pure chemicals
69
High purity chemicals
70
High purity water
71
storage of High purity water
72
Not only contamination, but also loss of sample can occur …
73
Adsorption processes
74
Preventing adsorption
75
Complexing agents
76
Not only contamination, but also loss of sample can occur …
77
adsorption on glass
78
adsorption of metal ions on oxide surface from aqueous solution
79
problems of fe and high ph?
80
The working environment Particles, particles, particles …
81
The origin of particles
82
The origin of contamination any material is a source
83
The origin of contamination The human is the largest source
84
Human contamination
85
Proper sample handling
86
Classification of clean rooms
87
Classification of clean rooms
standards
88
Classification of clean rooms
sketch
89
Classification of clean rooms
Keep critical steps to restricted high quality areas
90
Classification of clean rooms
GUIDELINES
91
Cleanroom effectiveness
92
Sample preparation
93
Sample preparation wet decomposition
94
Chemicals used in sample preparation
95
Sample preparation wet decomposition
96
Sample preparation Acid digestion of inorganics
summary of some common inorganic dissolutions using nitric acid:
97
Sample preparation Acid digestion of inorganics
example
98
Sample preparation Acid digestion of inorganics
redox reaction
99
Sample preparation Aqua Regia
100
Sample preparation Acid digestion of organics
101
Sample preparation Comparison open and closed systems
102
Sample preparation Closed systems
sketch of vessel
103
Sample preparation Closed systems
104
Sample preparation Ashing
105
Sample preparation combustion
dry ashing
low T ashing
106
Sample preparation Combustion
vessel
107
Sample preparation Combustion in closed systems
108
Sample preparation Ashing
advantages
disadvantages
109
Sample preparation Fusion
110
Sample Preservation
111
Method validation
112
Maintaining quality
113
Further sample preparation
114
(Pre)Concentration of sample -\> ‘increase’ concentration
115
Organic extraction of metals
116
Complexing agents
117
Organic extraction of metals
equations
118
Organic extraction of metals
distributions
