SE 12-14

Question 1

• many family forms that we associate with contemporary times have existed in Canada for hundreds of years
  e. g., l__e-parent families, b______d households

Answer 1

e.g., lone-parent families, blended households

Question 2

• beginning in 1960s, the ‘ordinary’ family began to be studied with focus on lived experience
  e. g., based on r__e, class, g____r

Answer 2

e.g., based on race, class, gender

Question 3

-families have been and continue to be important to

individual, social and national i________s

Answer 3

individual, social and national identities

Question 4

Families as Historical Actors
-family variations distinguished by race, culture and
ethnicity

Answer 4

e.g., immigrant families, Catholic families in Quebec, Inuit families

Question 5

-families are not only p_____e recipients of changing ideas and practices, but are also historical a____s

Answer 5

not only passive recipients of changing ideas and practices, but are also historical actors

Question 6

-the e_______l elements of family are as important to the individual and to society as the socio-e______c and
cultural functions

Answer 6

-the emotional elements of family

the socio-economic and cultural functions

Question 7

-the ‘ideal family’ is s______y constructed to meet needs and objectives of given historical periods

Answer 7

socially constructed to meet needs and objectives of given historical periods

Question 8

-the endurance of the p_________l, h____osexual male- breadwinner family of white E__o-Canadian middle-class -even though most Canadian families do not resemble this model

Answer 8

-the endurance of the patriarchal, heterosexual male-
breadwinner family of white Euro-Canadian middle-class
-even though most Canadian families do not resemble this model

Question 9

-the centrality of families of early times derives from
their vital functions:
-r_______tion
-p_____tion

Answer 9

-the centrality of families of early times derives from
their vital functions:
-reproduction
-production

Question 10

-the centrality of families of early times derives from 
their vital functions: 
-reproduction 
-production 
-s\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ion 
-m\_\_\_\_\_\_ance 
-r\_\_\_\_\_tion 

Answer 10

-the centrality of families of early times derives from 
their vital functions: 
-socialization 
-maintenance 
-regulation 

Question 11

-Aboriginal families in pre-contact times were the basis
of the community, but functioned c___________y for
political, economic and spiritual purpose

Answer 11

functioned collectively for

political, economic and spiritual purpose

Question 12

-The European colonists’ families were organized in

e______d family type but moved toward n_____r family type owing to the availability of cheap l__d

Answer 12

extended family type but moved toward nuclear family

availability of cheap land

Question 13

-The family was extremely important in earlier society
owing to the absence of external r________s and
p______g

Answer 13

-The family was extremely important in earlier society
owing to the absence of external regulations and
policing

Question 14

Survival depended on family:

• every family member was expected to w__k
• m_____e was economically necessary

Answer 14

Survival depended on family:
expected to work
-marriage was economically necessary

Question 15

Survival depended on family:

• childlessness was a b____n
• adoption was c____nplace

Answer 15

Survival depended on family:

• childlessness was a burden
• adoption was commonplace

Question 16

Industrialization

• 1850s Canada; central to the modernization process
• production moves from r___l family-farm to u___n factories
• survival focus replaced with l_______e focus

Answer 16

Industrialization

• rural family-farm to urban factories
• survival focus replaced with lifestyle focus

Question 17

Industrialization

• Men: wage-l____r, business, p______s
• Women: c__e-giving, domestic realm, child-r____g

Answer 17

Industrialization

• Men: wage-labour, business, politics
• Women: care-giving, domestic realm, child-rearing

Question 18

—Families from Confederation - 1925
West expansion and increased s________t
-new, cheap land, i_________n & chain migration
-mandatory schooling began in Ontario in 1871

Answer 18

—Families from Confederation - 1925
expansion and increased settlement
-new, cheap land, immigration & chain migration
-mandatory schooling began in Ontario in 1871

Question 19

-high rates of i____t and m______l mortality, orphanhood
and widowhood
-experienced disproportionately by the p__r

Answer 19

-high rates of infant and maternal mortality, orphanhood
and widowhood
-experienced disproportionately by the poor
-10-15% (145-97/1,000) of all children born live would die in infancy
-0.5% (5-5/1,000) maternal mortality rate

Question 20

Confederation to 1925 :
Poor Family Interventions
Social Gospel Movement

-P________t middle-class movement aimed at alleviating many societal ills including: p_____y, a________m, infant mortality, prostitution, child labour and ‘racial d________n’

-informed by m______l feminism

Answer 20

Confederation to 1925 :
Poor Family Interventions
Social Gospel Movement

-Protestant middle-class movement aimed at alleviating
many societal ills including: poverty, alcoholism, infant
mortality, prostitution, child labour and ‘racial
degeneration’

-informed by maternal_feminism

Question 21

Confederation to 1925:
The Nation-Building Era Not all immigrant families welcome to Canada
-the focus on ‘d_______e immigrants’
-the focus on ‘a_________e’ immigrants

Answer 21

Confederation to 1925:
The Nation-Building Era Not all immigrant families welcome to Canada

• the focus on ‘desirable immigrants’
• the focus on ‘assimilable’ immigrants

Question 22

The Western settlement program ignored Indigenous
peoples
-influx of w___e settlers threat to Indigenous families
-white missionary interference and r_________l schools
-p__________e principle devastating impact on Métis
families

Answer 22

The Western settlement program ignored Indigenous
peoples
-influx of white settlers threat to Indigenous families
-residential schools
-patrilineage principle devastating impact on Métis
families

Question 23

Truth and Reconciliation
Indian Residential Schools began 1840s; 1920-federal government made it mandatory for children aged 7-15 to attend residential schools

The impetus for the schools: to “kill the I____n in the child”

Answer 23

Truth and Reconciliation
Indian Residential Schools began 1840s; 1920-federal government made it mandatory for children aged 7-15 to attend residential schools

to “kill the Indian in the child”

Question 24

The Anglican, United, Presbyterian and Catholic churches were contracted by the government to run the schools

Answer 24

The Anglican, United, Presbyterian and Catholic churches were contracted by the government to run the schools >130 residential schools in Canada; the last one closed in 1996

Question 25

First Nations, Métis and Inuit children were removed from their families and placed in residential schools Most of the former students report experiencing intense suffering and e_______l, physical and s____l abuse In the schools

Answer 25

First Nations, Métis and Inuit children were removed from their families and placed in residential schools emotional, physical and sexual abuse In the schools

Question 26

The unresolved t___a suffered by these children has been passed on from generation to generation (the legacy of the residential school system)

Answer 26

The unresolved trauma suffered by these children has been passed on from generation to generation (the legacy of the residential school system) inter generational trauma

Question 27

The Crisis In Family >1920 •Women being drawn away from m_____e and m_________d •WWI robbed nation of many men of husband/father age

Answer 27

The Crisis In Family >1920 •Women being drawn away from marriage and motherhood •WWI robbed nation of many men of husband/father age

Question 28

The Crisis In Family >1920 •Spanish flu hit _0-_0 year olds the hardest •Children of ill-health; burdens on the s___e •Husband/ Father d_________g family

Answer 28

The Crisis In Family >1920 •Spanish flu hit 20-40 year olds the hardest •Children of ill-health; burdens on the state •Husband/ Father disserting family

Question 29

The Crisis In Family >1920 •Concerns with "racial d_________n" •Birth control/abortion/infanticide being used/pursued/committed

Answer 29

The Crisis In Family >1920 •Concerns with "racial degeneration" •Birth control/abortion/infanticide being used/pursued/committed

Question 30

Pronatalism -the promotion and glorifying of p________d (especially motherhood) -calls for state-incentives to encourage m______e and c___________g

Answer 30

``` Pronatalism glorifying of parenthood (especially motherhood) -calls for state-incentives to encourage marriage and childbearing ```

Question 31

Pronatalism -proponents call upon state to restrict access to c___________n -calls research on the family and for the establishment of 'expert informed' education about parenting ("s_______c parenting")

Answer 31

Pronatalism restrict access to contraception -calls research on the family and for the establishment of 'expert informed' education about parenting ("scientific parenting")

Question 32

Pronatalism -focus on increasing the number of children born to the 'b____r stock' families

Answer 32

Pronatalism -focus on increasing the number of children born to the 'better stock' families

Question 33

``` The Crisis in Families Interventions-continued Public Health Investment -improved s_______n -i__________n -milk i_______n ```

Answer 33

``` The Crisis in Families Interventions-continued Public Health Investment -improved sanitation -immunization -milk inspection ```

Question 34

``` The Crisis in Families Interventions-continued Public Health Investment -free well-baby c____s/travelling n_____s -increased 'm_____e' regulation ```

Answer 34

``` The Crisis in Families Interventions-continued Public Health Investment -free well-baby clinics/travelling nurses -increased 'medicine' regulation ```

Question 35

``` The Crisis in Families Interventions-continued Public Health Investment -school n___e program -free v______l disease treatment ```

Answer 35

``` The Crisis in Families Interventions-continued Public Health Investment -school nurse program -free venereal disease treatment ```

Question 36

Families and The Great Depression Any momentum gained from the interventions introduced in the 1920s were halted by the D______n of the 1930s -—40% unemployment (crisis in male unemployment)

Answer 36

Families and The Great Depression | halted by the Depression of the 1930's

Question 37

Families and The Great Depression -by 1937, birthrate at historical low: 2.6 children/family -financial burden led to many families returning to i_________t family model -men were the focus of the minimal r_____f programs

Answer 37

Families and The Great Depression - interdependent family model - minimal relief programs

Question 38

Families and "The New Deal" L. M___h (1943): Report on Social Security for Canada -although Unemployment Insurance was introduced in 1941, this was focused narrowly on men who were w_____t work

Answer 38

Families and "The New Deal" L. Marsh (1943): Report on Social Security for Canada -although Unemployment Insurance was introduced in 1941, this was focused narrowly on men who were without work

Question 39

Families and "The New Deal" -Marsh called for i___________t state -programs to be geared toward not only those who needed aid, but for all f_____s

Answer 39

Families and "The New Deal" - Marsh called for interventionist state - all families

Question 40

Families and "The New Deal" - Family A______e Act introduced in 1944 - a.k.a.: "Baby Bonus" - provided mothers $5-8/child/month Both UI and Mother's Allowance upheld t_________l family model

Answer 40

Families and "The New Deal" - Family Allowance Act introduced in 1944 - a.k.a.: "Baby Bonus" - provided mothers $5-8/child/month Both UI and Mother's Allowance upheld traditional family model

Question 41

Families *Mid-Century - post-war period characterized as the "g____n age" of the "normal" family: - husband/b________r - mother/h_______r - 3-4 well-behaved, intelligent healthy children

Answer 41

Families *Mid-Century - post-war period characterized as the "golden age" of the "normal" family: - husband/breadwinner - mother/homemaker - 3-4 well-behaved, intelligent healthy children

Question 42

Families *Mid-Century - 1947-1965: The Baby Boom - e_____c boom - second wave of i______n - mostly family-sponsored

Answer 42

Families *Mid-Century - 1947-1965: The Baby Boom - economic boom - second wave of immigration - mostly family-sponsored

Question 43

Families at Mid-Century - d__k-side of the golden age: many groups did not prosper - Betty F_____n: "the p_____m without a name" - unskilled, non-u______d workers - A________l families

Answer 43

Families at Mid-Century - dark-side of the golden age: many groups did not prosper - Betty Friedan: "the problem without a name" - unskilled, non-unionized workers - Aboriginal families

Question 44

Families at Mid-Century - dark-side of the golden age: many groups did not prosper - A______n-Canadian families - u_______l francophe families in Quebec - families living in poorer provinces - w___n

Answer 44

Families at Mid-Century - dark-side of the golden age: many groups did not prosper - African-Canadian families - unilingual francophone families in Quebec - families living in poorer provinces - women

Question 45

Families at Mid-Century The Youth Problem -Baby -boomers of late 1940s entered youth in 1960s ('hippies") -many rejected s_x and m_______e values of parents -many rejected the social c________m

Answer 45

Families at Mid-Century The Youth Problem - many rejected sex and marriage values of parents - many rejected the social conservatism

Question 46

Families at Mid-Century The Youth Problem -many were critical of the g_________t -increased p____________n of groups previously marginalized based on class, race, sexual orientation -the youth culture of the 1960s had tremendous impact on the family and especially w____n

Answer 46

Families at Mid-Century The Youth Problem -many were critical of the government -increased politicization of groups previously marginalized based on class, race, sexual orientation -the youth culture of the 1960s had tremendous impact on the family and especially women

Question 47

1960s: The Changing Family 1962-Birth Control Pill available -for purposes of cycle regulation only 1968-Divorce Act

Answer 47

1960s: The Changing Family 1962-Birth Control Pill available -for purposes of cycle regulation only 1968-Divorce Act

Question 48

1960s: The Changing Family 1969- Abortion made legal (with restrictions) S____y decriminalized Birth Control and c____________n decriminalized

Answer 48

1960s: The Changing Family 1969- Abortion made legal (with restrictions) Sodomy decriminalized Birth Control and contraception decriminalized

Question 49

Families at the-Millennium - c_______s by choice - introduction of maternity and p______l leave (1990s) - 80% of mothers worked outside the h__e (2000)

Answer 49

Families at the-Millennium - childless by choice - introduction of maternity and parental leave (1990s) - 80% of mothers worked outside the home (2000)

Question 50

Families at the-Millennium - increased involvement of f______s in parenting - Civil Marriage Act (2005)

Answer 50

Families at the-Millennium - increased involvement of fathers in parenting - Civil Marriage Act (2005)

Question 51

Families at the-Millennium -85% of Canadians lived in Census Family (2006) but d______d % of married couples -the idealized male breadwinner family is the m______y experience

Answer 51

Families at the-Millennium -85% of Canadians lived in Census Family (2006) but decreased % of married couples -the idealized male breadwinner family is the minority experience