Sea Urchin

Question 1

The process by which sea urchins (and other aquatic animals) release their gametes (sperm and eggs), often induced by injecting potassium chloride (KCl) solution into the sea urchin.

Answer 1

Spawning

Question 2

Methods for collecting sperm from male sea urchins (collected dry) and eggs from female sea urchins (shed into seawater).

Answer 2

Gamete Collection

Question 3

A chemical compound used to induce spawning in sea urchins by injection.

Answer 3

Potassium Chloride (KCl)

Question 4

Haploid reproductive cells (sperm and egg).

Answer 4

Gametes

Question 5

The fusion of male and female gametes (sperm and egg) to form a zygote; in vitro fertilization is performed by mixing diluted sperm with an egg suspension.

Answer 5

Fertilization

Question 6

Fertilization that takes place outside the body, typically in a laboratory setting.

Answer 6

In vitro fertilization

Question 7

Fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm, which is usually prevented by the fertilization membrane.

Answer 7

Polyspermy

Question 8

A protective layer that forms around the fertilized egg (zygote) after sperm entry, preventing polyspermy.

Answer 8

Fertilization Membrane

Question 9

A diploid cell formed by the fusion of a sperm and an egg; the first cell of a new organism.

Answer 9

Zygote

Question 10

A series of rapid cell divisions that occur after fertilization, leading to the formation of a multicellular embryo; the first cleavage occurs about 90 minutes after fertilization.

Answer 10

Cleavage

Question 11

The process of growth and differentiation of an embryo from a single cell (zygote) through various stages (2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, 16-cell, etc.) to a complex organism.

Answer 11

Embryonic Development

Question 12

A black ink used in microscopy to provide contrast and enhance the visibility of certain structures or movements.

Answer 12

Sumi Ink